闪锌矿成矿过程的Fe-Ca-Zn三元耦合系统

The dynamic equations of reaction-diffusion, precipitation -crystallization-nucleation processes for the forming process of sphalerite were built in former researches based on Fe-Zn two components system. In recent several years, we've been carrying forward this work. The contents of 23 elements related to the forming processes of sphalerite on each of 307 points in the intersection of a hand specimen were measured in situ. Through the transformation ALCa we constructed, we found that Ca plays a fractal-feedback role in the forming process of sphalerite. This discovery is in agreement with those phenomena, such as fractal oscillations and bifurcations which we got in former quantitative simulations, and it provides us with a theoretical support for the founding of the Fe-Ca-Zn three conponents coupling system for the forming processes of sphalerite. Through theoretical analysis we guess that the dissoluted calcium carbonate in the solution may deposite when H+ in the solution is exhausted. At this point, the system reaches critical, and criticality may appear. Therefore, in this project, we plan to take the advantage of complexity study method to explore the processses of the forming of sphalerite. Designing geochemical experiments to simulate the processes dynamically, to measure the changing of the contents of the components intensively, based on which we will built the Ca involved geochemical processes, dynamical processes and nucleation processes.So that, we'll realise the construction of the three conponents coupling system. Furthermore, by the modelling of CNN and DLA we are to justify our scientific suggestions, find the coupling role of the three components system. At Last, we will try to explore the limitation of the dissolution and recrystallization of calcium carbonate to the host space of the ore-forming processes. Although this project is of high challenging, we are sure to achieve original results throuth our hard work in this area.

前人基于Fe-Zn二元体系建立了闪锌矿成矿过程的反应-扩散、沉淀-结晶-成核等动力学过程。我们近年对其进行了更深入研究，原位测量了手标本切面307个点位23种与成矿有关的元素含量，经由构造的ALCa变换研究发现钙在闪锌矿成矿过程中起着分形反馈作用，这一发现与前期定量模拟的分形振荡及分岔现象相吻合，为建立闪锌矿成矿过程的Fe-Ca-Zn三元耦合系统提供了理论依据，经研究我们猜想H+耗尽时溶解的碳酸盐可能沉淀，系统达到临界状态，出现临界性。故而本项目拟采用复杂性科学研究方法，设计地球化学实验动态模拟闪锌矿的成矿过程，精细观测成矿元素的动态特征，在此基础上，建立由钙参加的闪锌矿成矿的地球化学过程、动力学过程、成核过程，由此构筑三元耦合体系，进而用CNN及DLA建模，验证以上科学猜想，确立三元系统的耦合机制，揭示碳酸钙的溶解和重结晶对容矿空间的限定作用。本研究具有较强的挑战性，可望取得原创性成果。

本项目涉及地球化学动力学、微分动力学、复杂性科学等学科，涉及化学实验技术、计算机技术、建模及模拟技术等，是多学科融合，多技术综合利用的理论基础性研究工作。项目组精诚合作，圆满完成了项目的研究任务，达到了研究目的。.野外采样、样品加工、样品测试以获得原始分析数据，设计实验、仪器调试、试验观察获得化学动力学、热力学数据，反反复复对比原始观察数据和试验数据，设计模拟过程、进行模拟实验，获得理论数据，在此基础上确定闪锌矿成矿过程的地球化学过程、耦合动力学过程，将二元动力学方程推广到三元体系中；模拟与观测系统临界状态的复杂现象，用CNN模拟动力学过程，用DLA模拟结晶-沉淀-成核及分形增长过程，确定临界状态可能出现的参数空间及初始条件，并演绎为成矿环境因素。从试验的角度证明了闪锌矿成矿的Fe-Ca-Zn三元耦合体系存在的合理性。.在理论和方法上，提出了闪锌矿可能是热液交代六方晶系方解石形成的新成矿模式，创建了Hexagonal CNN模型；通过实验进一步发现闪锌矿成矿过程中分形振荡、分岔及形成斑图等复杂现象；构造了ALCa变换并在实验中发现Ca在闪锌矿成矿过程中起分形反馈作用；构建了闪锌矿成矿过程的Fe-Ca-Zn三元耦合体系框架，推断H+耗尽时系统达到临界状态。整个研究工作和取得的成绩具有深远的研究意义和很好的研究前景。.在国际学术期刊、国际会议和国内学术期刊上发表学术论文、论文摘要共19篇，其中SCI/EI5篇；参加国际学术会议8人次，作口头报告5人次；编写程序5万余条语句；试验数据2万余个；培养博士生4人，硕士生10人，本科生8人。.试验数据是今后相关研究的宝贵资源，该项目的实施开辟了一些新的研究方向，培养了一批优秀人才。