基于近场强耦合效应的新型纳米激光器研究

Nanolaser is an important frontier of photonics research, as well as the core element for future optical information technology including ultra-sensitivity optical sensing, ultra-fast optical signal processing, ultra-density optical integration and storage. How to reduce the optical loss of surface plasmon (SP) structure and increase the feedback of SP cavity, is the critical issue to be addressed for further reducing the size and linewidth of the nanolaser. In this project, we propose a novel type of nanolasers based on near-field strong coupling effects. By introducing strong coupling effects into the nanoscale SP cavity, we will greatly prolong the relaxation time and increase the feedback of the SP cavity, overcome the limitation of the cavity size, and realize a narrow linewidth nanolaser with cavity size down to the single-molecule level. Meanwhile, based on the strong coupling, we’ll explore the technique for modulating the nanolaser. The outcome of this project may play an important role in developing novel nanolasers with breakthrough regarding lasing mechanism and performance, as well as advancing the frontiers of related research fields.

纳米激光器是光子学等学科领域的重要前沿研究方向之一，也是未来超高灵敏度光学检测、超快光信息处理、超高密度光集成和存储等光信息技术的核心单元。如何减小现有纳米激光器中表面等离激元（SP）结构的损耗，提高SP腔的反馈效率，是进一步减小激光腔模尺寸、压缩线宽，实现纳米激光器性能突破所必须解决的关键问题。本项目提出基于近场强耦合效应的新型纳米激光器的研究设想，通过在纳米SP腔中引入近场强耦合效应，大幅度延长SP腔的驰豫时间、提高反馈效率，突破腔模尺寸限制，研制近场光斑或腔模尺寸达到单分子量级的窄线宽纳米激光器。同时，基于强耦合效应，探索该类SP腔纳米激光器的调制技术。研究结果对于发展新型纳米激光器，实现纳米激光器工作原理及性能等方面的突破，以及相关学科前沿领域的发展具有重要意义。

纳米激光器是光子学等学科领域的重要前沿研究方向之一，也是未来超高灵敏度光学检测、超快光信息处理、超高密度光集成和存储等光信息技术的核心单元。如何解决微纳激光腔的损耗，维持腔的反馈和输出效率，是进一步减小激光腔尺寸、压缩线宽、提高光场空间约束能力，实现纳米激光器性能突破所必须解决的关键问题。本项目基于近场强耦合效应，建立了三维超强约束表面等离激元纳米激光器理论模型，提出了新型强耦合“介质-表面等离激元”复合腔结构，实现“金纳米棒-掺杂微光纤腔”强耦合的“光子-表面等离激元”复合模纳米激光器。同时，基于双纳米线结构中的全介质近场强耦合模，实现了具有极端光场约束特性的纳米激光器，近场光斑空间约束能力达到1nm量级（单个小分子量级）。研究结果对于发展新型纳米激光器、探索更小尺度上光与物质相互作用及其应用技术具有重要意义。