基于断层再现的断层冲击地压多界面失稳互馈诱冲机制及能量风险评价

Coal bump with fault is very frequent and prominent in China. The thrust force source is the dynamic and static loading of fault slip and sedimentary rock cracking caused by mining have been accepted by many scholars at home and abroad. However, a pre-set fault is mainly used in the current research, which is difficult to reflect the real tectonic stress field and the instability mechanism is heavily dependent on the pre-set fault properties, making the mechanism and risk assessment of the coal bump with fault is difficult to be further deepen studied. To solve this problem, this project is planning to obtain the regional tectonic stress field of fault through the reproduction of fault generation process as the initial boundary of coal bump with fault. Then the fault activation feedback model and solving method are carried out. The research contents of this project are as follows: ① The fault stress field and deformation field simulated based on the regional geological evolution with the continuous to discontinuous method ② The influence of lithologic interface broken on the fault slip caused by mining, and the influence of fault slip on the broken of lithologic interface, and the interaction mechanism influenced by the parameters of working face and fault ③ The shock instability mechanism of coal and rock in tunnel under the synergistic effect of fault stress field and mining stress field, and construction of constitutive model and risk discriminate index for dynamic characteristics of coal and rock after the peak strength to regionalize of risk degree in coal bump with fault. The research results will enrich and improve the theory and risk assessment of coal bump with fault from the nature mechanism of the fault and the law of energy release.

我国断层冲击地压灾害问题极为频发和突出。断层冲击地压诱冲力源为“断层滑移及岩层破断的动静载叠加”已获国内外共识。但当前研究无论物理模拟还是数值模拟均为预设断层，难以反映真实断层区域构造应力场且失稳机制严重依赖于预设断层性质，致使断层冲击地压机理难以进一步深化。针对此难题，本项目通过再现断层生成过程来获得断层区域构造应力场，以此作为初始边界条件进行煤层开挖研究断层活化与顶板破断互馈耦合模型及求解方法，开展①基于地质演变的断层区域应力场连续到非连续的物理和数值模拟②采动引起的岩性界面破断对断层影响，及断层滑移对岩性界面破断影响，及该互馈叠加机制受断层和工作面参数协同影响规律③断层构造应力场与采动应力场叠加下巷道煤岩体冲击失稳能量释放规律，构建煤岩组合体冲击动力学本构和能量释放风险判别指标，进行断层区域危险程度划分。研究成果将从断层本源性质和能量释放规律上完善断层冲击地压理论和风险评价体系。

我国断层冲击地压灾害问题极为频发和突出。断层冲击地压诱冲力源为“断层滑移及岩层破断的动静载叠加”已获国内外共识。但当前研究无论物理模拟还是数值模拟均为预设断层，难以反映真实断层区域构造应力场且失稳机制严重依赖于预设断层性质，致使断层冲击地压机理难以进一步深化。针对此难题，本项目通过再现断层生成过程来获得断层区域构造应力场，以此作为初始边界条件进行区域构造应力场和采动应力场叠加下巷道煤岩体冲击失稳规律的研究。项目开展了①提出了边界加载以重现断层形成过程的新方法，并与传统预设断层方法进行对比，以此为基础研究了断层形状随构造应力场演化规律②研究了构造应力场和采动应力场叠加效应以及受断层和工作面参数协同影响规律，结果表明预设断层的方法忽略了区域构造应力作用③研究了静载轴压与冲击速度对动静组合加载下煤动态抗拉力学性质和冲击失稳裂纹演化特征的影响，并分析了动态和静态抗拉与抗压峰值强度之比④基于大型物理模型和数值模拟相结合的方法从应力、位移、裂缝和破坏形态等方面定量分析了快速卸荷、主应力方向对深部巷道稳定性的影响⑤通过研究煤峰前能量积聚和峰后能量非稳态释放规律，建立了硬煤脆性度指标力学和几何模型，并利用该指标研究了煤冲击倾向性的脆性分区⑥研究了包含断层在内的不同主控因素下冲击地压多源监测指标演化规律，形成了基于多指标的卸压区域定位技术，实现了冲击地压分区分级差异化卸压防控。研究成果从断层本源性质和煤巷冲击失稳规律上完善了冲击地压理论和风险评价体系。本项目提出的基于边界加载以重现断层的方法是对断层冲击地压现有研究方法和认识的有力补充。.项目发表论文12篇，其中SCI收录8篇、EI收录1篇、核心2篇；ESI高被引论文2篇；JCR一区论文5篇；10篇论文第一标注；授权国家专利2项；获得协会/省部级奖6项；项目负责人获越崎青年学者、绿色矿山青年科技奖、全国煤矿支护优秀专家等荣誉。