高压、低温天然气水合物三轴仪装置研制

In 2009 and 2010, our country successively explored the large-scale natural gas hydrate resource on the land and in the sea. It is a very important subject in the use of natural gas hydrate resource that how to exploit natural gas hydrate resource safely and efficiently. The project focuses on the major security problems of exploiting natural gas hydrate, research and develop control device of hydrate formation in situ, decomposition and saturation in triaxial apparatus, design and develop high-confining-pressure pressure chamber and precision measurement device of hydrate volumetric change, develop measurement device to measure permeability of hydrate during the decomposition and the decomposition rate in triaxial apparatus, develop hydrate triaxial apparatus servo control and other kinds of matching equipment, finally, complete the research and development of a high-pressure and low-temperature hydrate triaxial apparatus. The project will solve technology limits of the current domestic and foreign hydrate triaxial apparatus in the system of hydrate formation in situ, saturation control, high confining pressure volumetric change accurate measurement and gas water seepage flow detection. Moreover, the project will also provide effective experimental means to realize all kinds of experimental requirements of the basic mechanics analysis of natural gas hydrate, understand the coupling effect between deformation and phase change, expound the coupling effect processes of multiphase, multicomponent and multi-field in the phase change condition in porous media,and provide important experiment technology support for safe and high efficient exploitation and utilization of natural gas hydrate resource in our country in the future.

我国2009年2010年相继探明大规模陆地、海上天然气水合物资源，对其安全、高效开采是我国天然气水合物资源利用面临的重大课题。本项目以天然气水合物开采所面临的重大安全问题为研究背景，研发三轴仪水合物原位生成、分解及饱和度控制装置；设计开发高围压压力室及水合物体变精确测量装置；开发三轴仪内水合物分解过程渗透率及分解速率测量装置；研制水合物三轴仪伺服控制等各类配套设备，最终完成高压、低温天然气水合物三轴仪装置的研制，解决目前国内外水合物三轴仪系统存在的水合物原位生成、饱和度控制、高围压体变精确测量、以及气水渗流检测等技术局限，为实现天然气水合物基础力学分析的各类实验要求，认识变形与相变之间的耦合作用，阐明相变条件下多孔介质内多相、多组份、多场耦合作用过程等提供有效实验手段，为我国未来天然气水合物资源安全、高效开采与利用提供重要实验技术支持。

天然气水合物作为一种重要的新能源，因其在世界范围内分布广、储量大，引起世界各国包括我国政府在内的高度关注。天然气水合物勘探和开发可能会引起海底滑坡、井壁坍塌、工程结构物破坏以及甲烷气体泄漏等灾害，对其安全、高效开采是目前天然气水合物资源利用面临的重大课题。本项目以天然气水合物开采所面临的重大安全问题为研究背景，研发了三轴仪内水合物原位生成/分解、及饱和度控制装置；设计开发了高围压压力室及水合物体变精确测量装置；开发了三轴仪内水合物分解过程渗透率及分解速率测量装置；研制了水合物三轴仪伺服控制等各类配套设备，最终完成了高压、低温天然气水合物三轴仪装置的研制，解决了目前国内外水合物三轴仪系统存在的水合物原位生成、饱和度控制、高围压体变精确测量、以及气水渗流检测等技术局限，为实现天然气水合物基础力学分析的各类实验要求，认识变形与相变之间的耦合作用，阐明相变条件下多孔介质内多相、多组份、多场耦合作用过程等提供有效实验手段，为我国未来天然气水合物资源安全、高效开采与利用提供重要实验技术支持。同时，项目组制定了天然气水合物沉积物三轴压缩试验的实验规范，开展了天然气水合物沉积物力学特性和渗流特性实验研究，阐明了围压、温度、饱和度、应变速率等对天然气水合物沉积物力学特性的影响，评价了不同饱和度、应力条件下天然气水合物沉积物的渗透性。