高压下多级结构碳基纳米电极材料的可控制备及其性能研究

To explore the low cost, large area controllable technology for the preparation of novel carbon-based nano-materials used as electrode with hierarchical structure can not only enhance its electrochemical properties, but also has wide developable foreground in the field of supercapacitor application. High pressure has outstanding superiority on the moderation of structure, size and dimension of materials, and the materials novel structure and excellent properties can be prepared under the synergistic effect of pressure and temperature. In this research, we intend to study the controlled synthesis technique of carbon-based nano-materials with hierarchical structure under high pressure and high temperature, taking the circular organic compound naphthalene， fluorene，phenanthrene，anthracene ,adamantane， melamine as initial materials，in order to obtain new carbon-based electrode material with high effective capacitive character. The effect of different chemical compositions, temperature and pressure on the composition, structure and property of carbon-based nano-materials with hierarchical structure will be revealed in our research. The growth mechanism and different electrochemical properties of various materials with hierarchical structure will also be studied. From this research, we try to establish the connection between control parameters, microstructures and properties, achieve quantitative controlling on the structures and properties of carbon based nano-electrode materials, provide theoretical guidance to the synthesis of new hierarchical carbon-based nano electrode materials with unique structures and excellent properties.

开发低成本、大规模一步可控制备新颖多级结构碳基纳米电极材料的技术，不仅对于提高其电容性能具有重要学术意义，对于其实际应用也具有广阔的市场发展前景。高压对材料结构、尺寸、维度具有显著的调制作用，与温度相结合可以制备出结构新颖与性能优异的材料。基于此，本项目将采用多环芳香烃有机化合物萘，芴，菲和蒽，及脂环结构金刚烷,含有碳氮杂苯环的三聚氰胺为原料，探索多级结构碳基纳米材料的高温高压可控合成技术，获得具有高效电容性能的新颖碳基电极材料。研究原材料的元素及结构，温度与压力等控制参数对碳基纳米电极材料的组成、微结构、性能的演变规律，探讨不同多级结构材料生长的机理和导致各异电化学性能的机制，建立制备控制参数与微结构和性能之间的内在关联。通过本项目的研究，旨在实现对碳基纳米电极材料结构与性能的量化控制，从而为特定结构与性能的新型多级结构碳基纳米电极材料的制备提供理论指导。

开发低成本、大规模一步可控制备新颖多级结构碳基纳米电极材料的技术，不仅对于提高其电容性能具有重要学术意义，在实际应用方面也具有广阔的市场发展前景。高压对材料结构、尺寸、维度具有显著的调制作用，与温度相结合可以制备出结构新颖，性能优异的材料。本项目采用高温高压合成技术，选取有机化合物作为反应原料,通过优化实验条件，实现了毛虫状，花状结构碳基纳米材料的高压高温合成。通过合理的设计构筑复合材料的微纳米形貌, 充分发挥电极材料的结构及组分优势，制备了多种碳基纳米复合材料,开发出一系列高性能和稳定性的超级电容器电极材料，为制备更高性能的碳基纳米电极材料提供了理论指导和实验依据。