基于前景理论的无线网络安全博弈理论与机制研究

With the development of cognitive radio technology and the widespread use of smart and programmable radio devices, the subjective decision-making of end-users has significant impacts on wireless network security and smart attackers are more powerful to throw threats against networks. However, most existing literature is based on classical Game theory and over-simplified attack models, neglecting the impacts of subjective decision-making. The Nobel-prize winning Prospect theory provides subjective decision-making models under risk from psychology point of view, and corrects Expected utility theory in Game theory. Therefore, the game theoretic study on wireless network security based on Prospect theory can help design wireless network security mechanisms more efficiently. The proposed research is comprised of the following three thrusts: 1. We will establish the subjective human decision models in network security scenarios and study wireless security prospect games. We plan to investigate the characteristics of the equilibriums and the evolutionary processes of the games. 2. We will utilize game theoretic approaches such as reputations to design wireless security mechanisms that can suppress the attack motivations of subjective end-users and stimulate the cooperative defense against smart attacks. 3. We will build the prototype of the proposed wireless security mechanisms and evaluate their performance via experiments. By establishing the wireless security prospect theory and user-centric wireless security mechanisms, this project will provide both theory and methods for the future study on wireless network security and have significant impacts on the design and evaluation of wireless security mechanisms.

随着认知无线电技术的发展和智能化可编程无线设备的普及，终端用户的主观决策对无线网络安全产生重要影响，而智能化攻击增强了对网络的破坏力。但是，目前网络安全博弈研究主要基于经典博弈论，忽视主观决策的影响，局限于简化的攻击模型。荣获诺贝尔经济学奖的前景理论从心理学角度提供风险条件下的人为决策模型，修正了经典博弈论的期望效用理论。因此，基于前景理论的无线安全博弈研究将更有效地指导设计无线网络安全方案。本项目研究内容包括：1.建立网络安全场景下的人为决策模型，研究无线安全前景博弈，揭示其均衡和演化特性，分析智能攻击的影响机理。2.采用信誉等博弈方法设计无线安全机制，抑制主观性用户的攻击动机，激励其共同防御智能攻击。3.上述无线安全机制的实现与性能评估。该研究将建立无线安全前景博弈理论和面向终端用户的安全机制，为发展下一代无线网络安全方案提供理论和方法，对无线安全机制的设计和评估产生重要影响。

针对终端用户和攻击者的主观性决策和智能化攻击所带来的挑战，研究基于前景理论的无线网络安全博弈理论与机制。主要成果包括：1）采用前景理论建立各种网络攻防场景中终端用户和攻击者的主观性决策模型，揭示在对手及网络状态不确定条件下，用户网络安全行为决策中的价值偏移和概率偏移现象，进而构建主观性网络攻防博弈模型，解决现有无线安全博弈研究忽视主观性决策和局限于简化的攻击模型等问题。2）建立无线网络认证、车联网认证、车联网通信抗干扰、无人机通信抗干扰、水声通信抗干扰、物联网隐私保护、可见光安全通信和高级持续性威胁检测博弈模型；研究无线攻防博弈的纳什均衡和演化过程，揭示攻击者决策的主观程度对博弈均衡和演化的影响机理，给出了利用攻击者主观性提高无线安全的方案。3）基于博弈均衡特征，给出基于强化学习的网络安全机制的性能界，分析智能攻击和防御对动态网络攻防博弈的影响机理，为基于强化学习的无线网络安全方案的设计提供理论基础和分析方法。出版英文著作/章节3项，8项发明专利授权，发表35篇期刊和28篇会议论文，其中3篇ESI高被引论文；培养1名博士和13名硕士；获得ICC、ICCS、ML4CS、GameNet和第十四届中国物联网学术会议等会议论文奖，中国通信学会青年科技奖、厦门市通信学会优秀论文一等奖、福建省科技进步奖、福建省自然科学奖、吴文俊人工智能自然科学奖和福建省研究生优秀学位论文奖。