压电型声整流器件的设计、制备和表征

It is significant in academic and engineering fields that acoustic rectifying device could work efficiently as electric rectifier by introducing piezoelectric composite structures. The elastic waves in piezoelectric composite structures can be modulated by the electromechanical coupling effect and the multiphysics parameters. The piezoelectric composite materials have efficient and rich electric properties, and it can broaden the field of application and strengthen composite structures'manipulation. This project is based on the research work about piezoelectric composite structures by the proposer in recent years. The project is aimed to carry out the following research works: 1) to study the transmission and rectifying properties of elastic waves in the piezoelectric composite structures; 2) to give the evaluation parameters of piezoelectric acoustic rectifying structures; 3) to design and manufacture acoustic rectifying devices by piezoelectric polymer material, and to optimize the relevant performance parameters; 4) to improve the rectifying ratio, switching efficiency and system's robustness; 5) to explore the application of piezoelectric rectifying device on the ultrasonic diagnosis and the possibility of integrating piezoelectric rectifying device with acoustic energy storage device to process acoustic information self-adaptively.

通过对压电复合材料和结构的设计，若能使同为能量载体的声波实现如电子器件般的高效整流效应，其学术和工程应用价值是显而易见的。压电复合材料通过声电耦合特性，运用多物理场参量来达到调控声传播的目的。压电复合材料具有高效、丰富的电学特性，可明显拓宽传统声整流器件的应用范围和可操控性。本项目是以申请人近年来有关压电复合材料中声传播特性的研究工作为基础, 结合压电复合结构中声波单、双向整流模型等，深入研究压电复合材料中声传播和声整流特性，提出压电型声整流器件的评价参数和表征方法；设计和制备压电材料-聚合物型声整流器件，并进行相关性能参数的优化，提高压电型声整流器件的整流比、运行切换效率和系统的鲁棒性；探讨压电型声整流器件在超声诊疗等需要声能特殊调控领域的潜在应用，以及其与压电声储能、驱动器件的集成整合，进行声信息自适应处理的可能性。

项目研究基于近年来压电复合材料和声学超常材料的研究和发展，以压电材料中声电耦合效应和声超常材料设计方法为基础，围绕压电型声整流器件的设计、制备和表征所涉及的理论方法、结构设计和实验研究等方面展开。具体研究内容和重要结果如下：1）压电复合结构声整流研究：研究了通过电边界条件实现压电复合板中可控的声整流效应，压电复合结构中压电敏感模式的提取和分析；2）声学超表面对声波相位操控研究：提出了如亚波长褶皱表面、折叠空间等可实现声学广义斯奈尔定律等功能的超常表面结构，并发展出相应的声学超表面设计；3）声斗篷结构的声隐身研究：实现宽带非盲隐身功能的同时，降低了对材料设计制备的要求，还制备出幻像斗篷-基于单负的声隐身结构； 4）声学单向整流器件研究：实现宽频声不对称传播、基于非线性FP型谐振腔和近零折射率材料构成的声整流器件。项目研究过程中所提出的电控边界条件、空间折叠结构、声梯度结构、声超常表面等对压电复合结构声整流器件的研究提供了坚实的基础。