宽温域可逆循环下连续自润滑复合涂层的设计、制备和性能研究

In view of key issues to the continuous self-lubrication of high temperature lubricating composite coatings in the reversible temperatures cycle (RT～1000 ℃～RT) within a wide range. Especially for the influences of frequent start/stop cycles of engine and low-high-low temperature circle on the tribological behavior and properties of the coating materials, based on idea of the self-adaptive llubrication designing and microstructure controlling, the design, preparation and properties the continuous self-lubricating composite coatings in the reversible temperatures cycle within a wide range would be investigated. By using Plasma thermal spraying and High-energy ball milling technology, through the composition design and structure controlling, the high temperature self-lubricating coatings with a continuous self-lubrication properties in the reversible temperatures cycle within a wide temperature range would be prepared and developed.The effects of interaction of the strenthening nano-phases, lubrication phase and tribochemical reaction compounds, as well as the preparation process on the tribological properties of coatings in the wide range of reversible temperatures cycle would be examined. The design principle of high temperature self-lubricating coatings with a continuous self-lubrication properties in the reversible temperatures cycle within a wide temperature range would be proposed as well as the key preparation technique would be established. And the continuous self-lubricating antifriction mechanisms would be explored as well. This study is expected to solve the problem on solid lubrication and wear reduction during wide range of reversible temperatures cycle in high-tech field of china, and provide the necessary theoretical basis and technological support for the research and development of new tribological composite coatings.

针对宽温域可逆循环(室温～1000℃～室温)下高温润滑涂层的连续自润滑问题，尤其是发动机频繁开/停机循环和高低温循环变化对材料摩擦学行为和性能的影响，基于自适应润滑设计与涂层微结构控制的思路，开展宽温域可逆循环下具有连续自润滑性能的复合涂层设计、制备和性能研究。通过材料组成、涂层结构设计，采用高能球磨、喷雾造粒和超音速等离子热喷涂技术，研制可实现在宽温域循环下具有可逆连续自润滑性能的复合结构涂层。探讨纳米相强化、润滑相及摩擦化学反应产物之间的交互作用以及制备工艺对涂层宽温域摩擦学性能的影响机制；提出实现宽温域循环下具有可逆连续润滑功能的复合结构涂层的设计组配原则，并形成与涂层配方体系相适应的关键制备技术，揭示宽温域循环下的材料组织、结构与性能演变规律及可逆连续自润滑减磨机理，解决国家高技术领域中宽温域润滑与减磨问题，为发展新型摩擦学复合涂层提供的理论基础和技术支撑。

针对宽温域可逆循环(室温～1000℃～室温)下高温润滑涂层的连续自润滑问题，尤其是发动机频繁开/停机循环和高低温循环变化对材料摩擦学行为和性能的影响，基于自适应润滑设计与涂层微结构控制的思路，开展宽温域可逆循环下具有连续自润滑性能的复合涂层设计、制备和性能研究。通过材料组成、涂层结构设计，采用高能球磨、喷雾造粒、超音速等离子热喷涂技术和真空烧结、磁控溅射沉积、脉冲激光沉积、热处理工艺，进行了系统的材料组分设计和结构控制，制备了一系列金属基陶瓷复合材料及复合结构涂层、复合薄膜。研究了材料的宽温域可逆自润滑行为、以及组份、微结构、制备工艺等对宽温域摩擦磨损性能的影响，探索了高温热力耦合下材料摩擦表面的自适应润滑与抗磨机制，剖析了材料高温强化机制和苛刻条件下的摩擦磨损机理；揭示了：摩擦接触表面的润滑层形成与破坏，不仅和润滑剂的自适应迁移/富集有关，且与高温摩擦化学反应诱导、机械摩擦力驱动下的元素协同重组有关；润滑层的可持续形成及其完整性、强韧性显著影响了涂层材料的宽温域连续自润滑时效性和抗磨寿命。通过开展本项目研究，发表了一些具有理论创新的数据和应用价值的结果，发展了一些实现宽温域连续自润滑复合材料及涂层的设计原理和可控制备技术，为发展高温和宽温域润滑耐磨材料积累基础理论数据和提供了技术支持。目前部分成果已得到应用示范，在能源化工、航空航天、武器装备等领域具有显著的应用价值和广阔应用前景，对国家高技术、国家安全及国民经济领域的发展具有十分重要的意义。