东半球（中国区域）大气扰动的特征及其对高超再入热环境的影响研究

The ability to predict the interaction between the hypersonic vehicles with atmosphere is the critical challenge to improve the competitiveness of Reusable Launch Vehicle. For on-board systems perform very close to their operational limits, the interactions with atmospheric perturbations present significant constrains and threats to vehicle system performance. According the Space Shuttle’s flights experiences，the real atmosphere is deviates seriously from the Standard Atmosphere, which bright incalculable risk for aero heating and mission. So, it is important to survey the atmospheric perturbations characteristic and effect. In this research application, based on measurement results between 2001 and 2017 from SABER on TIMED satellite, the atmosphere parameter statistics characters for 50-85 km altitude in typical months, typical longitude and typical northern latitudes on Eastern Hemisphere (China zone) are obtained. The characteristic of perturbations and mechanism are investigated, large scale model and small scale perturbation are attempted separately to modeling. The perturbation effect on aero heating in statistics and trajectory are researched.

提升飞行器同飞行环境之间影响的预测能力是提升重复使用运载器竞争力必须面对的挑战，对于在线系统性能接近运行极限的情况，大气扰动的影响将是发挥飞行器性能最重要的限制和威胁。航天飞机的再入飞行实践显示了真实大气同标准大气模型偏离很大，给飞行任务和气动加热环境带来了事前未曾估计的影响。因此，有必要开展真实大气扰动的特性和影响的研究工作。本项目利用美国TIMED卫星SABER载荷在2001年－2016年15年间对东半球以中国为中心的区域上空大气开展统计分析，研究大气扰动的变化规律，通过分析大气参数扰动变化规律的物理机制，探索建立区别大尺度和小尺度的扰动模型，开展大气扰动特性对再入气动加热在统计上和沿弹道特性的影响分析。

本项目针对东半球中国区域大气扰动特征，在收集了2002-2019年TIMED/SABER卫星探测中国及其周边区域上空30-90km大气参量的数据，开展了扰动的统计分布规律研究。基于不同大气波动的物理特征，分别对大尺度扰动和小尺度扰动的提取方法进行研究，并对其演化特征进行了分析，获得了各尺度扰动的气候学特征；基于不同尺度的扰动特征和热力学参量之间的物理约束关系，突破了实测数据驱动的临近空间大气扰动建模技术，建立了可遍历大气环境状态的中国区域临近空间大气扰动模型。在此基础上利用该模型开展了大气扰动的地理和季节性气候变化对RLV再入弹道特性和高超再入热环境的影响分析。