基于神经血管单元探讨蒙医“三根平衡针法”干预抑郁模型大鼠的分子生物学机制研究

In mongolian medicine, the white veins belonging to the nervous system, the brain is a sea of white veins, dominated by Sangen.The blood barrier and obstruction of white veins result in depression because of out of balance of the Sangen in body and which invasing heart and white veins. The concept of the depressive episode just happens to coincide with today's "neurovascular unit may be the point of view of the pathological and physiological basis of depression and cerebrovascular disease."Treatment of depression by the Mongolian medicine Sangen Balance Acupuncture featured by strong points such as less acupoints, effect quickly and obviously. In this project , We will take the Mongolian medicine Sangen Balance Acupuncture to stimulate Badagan Xue, Xin xue,Heibaiji Xue of rat which is the model of depression as the starting point, from a whole - the neurovascular unit ultrastructure - neurotransmitters - nerve signaling pathway angle to explore the pathogenesis of depression and role and efficiency of the depression mechanism interfered with the mongolian medicine Sangen balance Acupuncture. To clear the action of cAMP-CREB-BDNF, neurotransmitters, Ang Ⅱ, metabolism of free radicals in the depressive episode and rehabilitation process and the mechanism of action and as well as the neurovascular unit ultrastructure changes, and to clarify the impact role of Mongolian medicine Sangen Balance Acupuncture in remodeling of vascular brain cell of rat of depression model. To provide new ways and means for the clinical antidepressant treatment, and to propose new interpretation of treating depression according to the "Mongolian medicine Sangen equilibrium theory" . Furthermore,to provide experimental evidence and theoretical foundation for the promotion of Mongolian Medicine of specific therapies.

蒙医认为抑郁症是体内三根失去平衡，侵袭心和白脉系统（属神经系统），从而心脑血行障碍，阻塞白脉之传导所致。该病机与当今"神经血管单元可能是抑郁与脑血管疾病的病理和生理基础"的观点不谋而合。"三根平衡针法"，调理三根、疏通白脉，治疗抑郁症具有取穴少，起效快，疗效显著的特点。本课题以"三根平衡针法"干预慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠为研究对象，选取蒙医巴达干穴、心穴及黑白际穴，通过行为学检测，评价慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠的行为和学习记忆功能；采用电镜与光镜技术，观察额叶及海马神经血管单元超微结构及相关变化，探索其与抑郁症的联动关系；分子生物学技术测定其额叶及海马cAMP含量，PKA、CREB、BDNF及5-HT、DA、NE和AngⅡ表达情况，分析其与抑郁发生过程中的变化；试图阐明蒙医"三根平衡针法"治疗抑郁症的具体作用靶点和作用机制，为推广蒙医特殊疗法提供实验依据。

蒙医认为抑郁症是体内三根失去平衡，侵袭心和白脉系统，从而心脑血行障碍，阻塞白脉之传导所致。该病机与当今“神经血管单元可能是抑郁与脑血管疾病的病理和生理基础”的观点不谋而合。蒙医三根平衡针法具有调理三根、疏通白脉作用。治疗抑郁症具有取穴少，起效快，疗效显著的特点。本课题以蒙医三根平衡针法干预抑郁模型大鼠为研究对象，选取巴达干穴、心穴及黑白际穴，通过行为学检测，评价慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠行为学的影响；采用电镜与光镜技术，观察额叶及海马神经血管单元超微结构及相关变化，探索其与抑郁症的联动关系；分子生物学技术测定其额叶及海马cAMP含量，PKA、CREB、BDNF及5-HT、DA、NE和AngⅡ表达情况。结果：接受应激刺激28d后，慢性应激抑郁模型组大鼠体重、水平运动、垂直运动、相对糖水消耗量明显低于空白组，蒙医银针组、蒙医三根平衡针组、药物组及针药结合组与模型组比较差异均有统计学意义；模型组海马和额叶NE、DA、5-HT的表达明显低于空白组，与模型组比较蒙医银针组、蒙医温针组、药物组及针药结合组的大脑海马和额叶NE、DA、5-HT表达均有升高；与空白组比较，模型组大鼠海马BNDF、CREB、cAMP蛋白表达降低。与模型组比较，蒙医三根平衡针组、药物组、针药结合组大鼠海马及额叶BNDF、CREB、cAMP蛋白表达明显升高；蒙医三根平衡针组大鼠海马及额叶神经元锥体细胞排列较有序、神经元胞膜较完整；慢性应激能改变海马AngⅡ的表达，但是抗抑郁治疗对海马和额叶组织AngⅡ的影响甚微。结论：蒙医三根平衡针刺法具有良好的抗抑郁作用，根据蒙医三根平衡理论治疗抑郁症的作用机制是修复神经元可塑性损害以及提高单胺类神经递质的表达和上调BNDF-CREB-cAMP信号通路有关。