Mn1-xZnxFe2O4及其纳米复合材料的生物可控合成和光催化性能研究

Green, safty and high value-added technology is the key way to accomplish recycling of waste battery. In this proposal, controlled synthesis of Mn1-xZnxFe2O4 and its nanocomposites will be carried out by using bioleaching and biotemplating methods to recycling treatment of waste Zn-Mn batteries, which is high efficiency and eco-friendly. During the preparation process, screening, optimization, self-assembly and structure-oriented mechanism of biological template and structure-oriented agent; characteristics of crystal growth kinetics and thermodynamics; valence band, composition of conduction band of crystal and its difference will be explored in detail to establish the theoretical model of crystal growth, clarify the constraints factors and their quantitative relationship in synthetic system and reveal the regulating mechanism of crystal phase and morphology. On this basis, visible light photocatalytic degradation for organic phenols, aromatics and aromatic amines will be carried out to find the catalytic activity of materials endowed by synergistic effect between phase structure and components, reveal the relationships among the microstructure, morphology and photocatalytic performance of photocatalytic materials and achieve controllable synthesis of high-efficiency them finally. The research results will provide useful information for the green recycling disposal of waste batteries and has great significance in both theory and practice.

绿色安全、高附加值回收是废旧电池资源化应用的关键。本项目将环境友好、经济高效的生物技术引入废旧锌锰电池的资源化处理，提出生物浸提+生物模板技术可控合成Mn1-xZnxFe2O4及其纳米复合磁性光催化材料的构想。通过对制备过程中生物模板剂和结构导向剂的筛选、优化、自组装和结构导向作用机制；晶体生长动力学、热力学特征；晶体价带、导带组成及其差异性等进行深入研究，建立晶体生长的理论模型，明确合成系统各限制因素及各因素间的定量关系，揭示晶体物相、形貌的调控机制。在此基础上，以可见光催化降解有机酚类、芳烃类、芳香胺类为对象，探索物相结构和各组分之间协同效应所赋予材料的催化活性，揭示其“微结构-形貌-光催化性能”的关联规律，最终实现高效光催化材料的可控合成。研究成果将为废电池的绿色资源化处置提供有益的借鉴，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

废旧锌锰电池是我国废电池的重要来源，因缺乏有效经济技术未能回收利用而直接填埋，造成锌锰资源的巨大浪费并存在潜在的环境风险。进行废电池高附加值和全组分利用研究是实现其资源化应用的关键科学问题之一。本项目将环境友好的生物技术引入废电池的资源化处理，优化了高固液比下废旧锌锰电池生物浸提Mn、Zn离子持续高效的运行条件；确立了Mn1-xZnxFe2O4基复合材料物相、形貌、价带结构调控的绿色合成路线新方法；发展了基于碳化、水热锚定生物质和p-n型、Z型、S型等基于异质结构建的策略；拓宽了光催化剂光响应范围并同时提高光催化降解有机物的反应性能；阐明了材料能带结构、光能利用率和载流子的分离迁移效率关系；揭示了Mn1-xZnxFe2O4基复合材料吸附和光催化活性和结构之间的“构效关系”；获得了一系列高效Mn1-xZnxFe2O4基复合纳米材料吸附剂和光催化剂，为废旧锰锌电池资源化应用提供科学依据。