大气压多弧发生器等离子体射流脉动特性的研究

The problem of small volume and instability of arc plasma is an important issue that has always been drawn great attention. A uniform and large area arc plasma can be obtained by multi-arc discharge technology, which shows advantages in the applications of material preparation. However, due to the interaction between arc and arc, the instability of jet plasma is more complicated, which limits the further development of multi-arc plasma technology. In the project, the fluctuation characteristics of plasma jet generated by multi-arc generator will be investigated at atmospheric pressure. The effects of interaction between arc column and arc column, anode boundary layer characteristics in multi-arc plasma generator on arc behavior and fluctuation of plasma jet will be investigated. The influences of cathode configuration in plasma generator and discharge parameters on arc dynamic behavior. The arc motion mode will be explored by studying the time and space evolution and pattern charge of arc root. The law of fluctuation of multi-arc plasma jet will be clarified, and the control method for improving the stability of jet plasma will also be established. Through the research, the mechanism of fluctuation of plasma in the multi-arc system will be revealed, which provides the theoretical and experimental basis for improving the stability of multi-arc plasma jet and promoting the development and application of the technology.

电弧等离子体存在着体积小和不稳定性的问题一直是人们关注的重点。基于多弧发生技术可以获得较均匀的大面积电弧等离子体，使其在材料制备等应用方面展现出独特的优势。但由于电弧与电弧间的相互作用，使得射流等离子体不稳定性愈加复杂，限制了该技术的进一步发展。本项目以多弧等离子体发生器为对象，开展大气压下多弧体系中等离子体射流脉动特性的研究，通过实验和理论计算方法，研究弧柱-弧柱间相互作用、阳极区边界层特性对电弧行为及射流脉动特性的影响机制，分析发生器阴极结构配置和放电参数变化对电弧动力学特征的影响，通过研究弧根时间、空间演化及式样变化，探索电弧运动模式，阐明多弧等离子体射流脉动行为规律，建立提高射流稳定性的调控方法，揭示多弧体系中等离子体射流脉动形成机理，为提高多弧等离子体射流稳定性、推动该技术的发展和应用提供理论和实验基础。

本项目在自主研制的多弧等离子体发生器的基础上，通过发生器电极位形结构的调节，实现了大尺寸、均匀、稳定的电弧等离子体的产生。分别开展了多弧等离子体不稳定性及其影响因素，大气压多弧发生器内电弧形态，弧根动力学特征，以及多弧体系中等离子体射流的流动及稳定性控制的研究，初步明晰了多弧发生器等离子体基本特征及其影响因素，掌握了大气压多弧发生器内电弧的形态的变化规律和弧根动力学特征，通过对发生器电极结构配置和参数的调节，实现了等离子体流动及稳定性的有效调控。此外，基于标准温度法和相对谱线法，发展了电弧温度诊断新方法，获得了复杂多弧体系中等离子体温度场的分布。通过项目的实施，为多弧等离子体的产生和稳定性控制提供了重要的理论依据和技术支持。目前已在国内外核心期刊公开发表论文14篇，其中SCI论文11篇，多人次参加各类学术会议，其中邀请/口头报告7次。申请国家发明专利3件，其中获授权发明专利2件。研究成果为发展多弧等离子体技术，推动该技术在颗粒球化、热喷涂和纳米粉体制备等应用提供了理论和技术支撑。