城市老年人弱势群体的健身休闲制约及协商路径研究

It's known that life quality and social equity are important dimensions of urban social sustainability. The study of the vulnerable groups of the elderly has become a forefront field in the areas of socio-cultural geography. Research on negotiation of leisure constraints and leisure constraints for physical leisure activities of the vulnerable groups of the elderly in urban is the decision-making basis for practicing the "Active Aging" strategy and promoting the realization of "Healthy China" goal. According to some defects of the uncertainty and scarcity of the application of foreign leisure theory and methods in eastern cultural background, the negligence of the study of negotiation of leisure constraints and leisure constraints for physical leisure activities of the elderly in china, the harmonious relationship between human and resource environment, people and people, and the existence of justice in society, the project gets some research from objective and micro scale. First, from the perspective of interaction from subjective needs, objective barriers and active negotiation, by the theories and methods of leisure science, social cognition, psychology, behavioral geography, socio-cultural geography and other disciplines, the project intends to provide systemic analysis about the basic characteristics of the needs of the elderly’s physical leisure, construct mathematical model of leisure constraints and negotiation of leisure constraints. Second, some kinds of effective, normalization, institutionalized negotiation measures are proposed. it is hoped the research findings could be make up for the weak of the theory of leisure constraints and the lack of negotiation of leisure constraints research in china, contribute to reconstruct various humanistic spatial relationships, such as material leisure space, relationship space, cultural space and social space, and also promote the stability and harmonious development of the city.

生活质量与社会公平是城市社会可持续性的重要维度。老年人弱势群体是城市社会文化地理学的前沿关注课题。老年人健身休闲制约及协商路径研究是践行“积极老化”战略和加快“健康中国”目标实现的决策依据。针对国外相关理论方法在东方文化背景下应用的不确定性和稀缺性、国内有关老年人健身休闲制约及协商研究的薄弱性等不足。本项目立足人与资源环境、人与人的和谐、社会公平与正义的理念，从汇总和非汇总尺度，以健身休闲需求的主观能动、休闲的客观制约及主动的制约协商为切入点，综合应用社会/认知心理学、休闲学、行为地理学、社会文化地理学等学科理论与方法，分析城市老年人健身休闲需求及行为特征，构建健身休闲制约及制约协商模型，探索各种有效性、常态化、制度化和规范化的协商路径，力求弥补我国老年人休闲制约理论薄弱和制约协商理论缺失，引导老龄化城市健身休闲物质空间、关系空间、文化空间及社会空间的人性化重构，推动城市稳定与和谐发展。

基于目前国内外尚未确定中西方老年人健身休闲制约及其制约协商研究结果在跨文化背景下是否存在不变性，以及国内相关研究尚为薄弱的研究背景。本项目根据研究计划，立足于发现并解决老年人健身休闲制约及协商路径的两个关键问题，更好理解中国城市老年人健身休闲参与的特殊性、复杂性和多样性特征的视角，在增强对老年人健身休闲需求的分层与个性化认识的基础上，从汇总和非汇总(特定场所活动分异、特定活动类型及特定群体）层面为切入点，系统探索城市老年人健身休闲参与的行为特征、健身休闲制约影响因素及其影响关系、健身休闲制约协商影响因素及其协商路径，主要在5大方面取得20项具体研究成果：一是系统梳理并完成国内外相关休闲研究理论及方法述评；二是确定并验证中国老年人健身休闲制约及其协商的影响因素相关量表；三是从汇总层面，开展城市老年人健身休闲行为、健身休闲制约及其协商路径研究；四是从非汇总层面（公园休闲参与活动分异、休闲性步行及女性日常休闲），开展城市老年人健身休闲行为的时频规律及影响研究；五是基于汇总和非汇总层面相关研究结果，提出老年人克服健身休闲制约的协商路径与建议。研究成果弥补了我国相关研究不足，增强国内外老年人休闲研究的学术对话，为实现“健康中国”“积极老化”目标提供决策依据。项目研究期间，发表期刊论文12篇，其中SSCI三区1篇，CSSCI/CSCD/北大核心论文6篇；学报级论文5篇；完成硕士毕业论文7篇。