城市休闲空间使用质量的评价及机制研究

The urban leisure space is a typical and special living space of the interaction of man-land relationship. Research on the evaluation of the usage quality of urban leisure space is decision-making basis for speeding up humanization of leisure space in China's new urbanization process. According to some defects of the evaluation of leisure space studies at home and abroad, such as negligence of human and mentality indicators, single method and lack of interaction analysis between subject and object, from the perspective of interaction from leisure participants, leisure space and leisure activities, taking the recognition of recreational value and the satisfaction of leisure as the research starting point, also considering the cognition of leisure constraints on the utilization of leisure space, by combined with related theories and methods of leisure studies, tourism science, cognitive psychology, urban social geography, resources and environment science and behavior geography, the project intends to provide a systemic analysis about the basic characteristics, constraint factors of the usage quality of urban leisure space and its mechanism ,and structure the multi-index, multi-level evaluation system of the usage quality of urban leisure space and its model. To reveal the relationship between the usage quality and the humanization construction of urban leisure space, the project also takes three typical types of city as empirical comparative case study. Finally, some control measures for the optimization, the regeneration, the renovation and the development of urban leisure space are provided. It is hoped that the research findings could be make up for the weak of urban leisure theory and the lack of practical standard, contribute to the innovative transformation of urbanization process and urban planning, and also promote the implementation of the national leisure plan in China.

城市休闲空间是典型的人地关系相互作用的特殊生活空间。城市休闲空间使用质量评价研究是我国新型城市化进程中加快休闲空间人本化的决策依据。针对国内外休闲空间评价研究存在人文心理指标欠缺、方法单一、主客体互动分析不足等缺陷，本项目从休闲者与休闲空间、休闲活动互动的角度，以休闲者对休闲空间游憩价值认可度与休闲体验满意度为切入点，兼顾对休闲空间使用制约影响的认知，综合应用休闲学、旅游学、认知心理学、城市社会地理学、资源环境学、行为地理学等多学科的理论与方法，系统分析城市休闲空间使用质量基本特征、制约影响及其作用机制，构建多要素、多层次的城市休闲空间使用质量评价指标体系与模型，选取多种典型城市进行实证比较，探索城市休闲空间使用质量与城市休闲空间优化、再生、更新、发展的关系及调控措施，力求弥补我国城市休闲理论的薄弱与实用标准的缺失，推动我国城市化与城市规划的创新转型，促进我国国民休闲计划的推行。

本项目根据研究计划，针对目前国内外尚未构建统一的、便于实施的城市休闲空间分类标准，城市休闲空间评价研究存在人文心理指标欠缺、方法单一、主客体互动分析不足等方面的薄弱环节，从城市休闲空间分类、“公共型”和“商业型”城市休闲空间使用质量的角度，以游憩价值、休闲者对休闲空间游憩价值认可度与满意度的关系、兼顾对休闲空间使用制约影响的认知为切入点，主要开展4大方面的研究，取得十项具体结果与积极进展。一是从多尺度、多功能、多类型、多属性、多结构等方面，界定城市休闲空间概念体系及分类标准。二是构建多要素、多层次城市健身休闲空间使用质量评价体系和探索供需互动、动态演进的城市历史文化街区商业休闲空间使用质量评价路径。三是通过模糊综合评判法、结构方程模型、内容分析、质性分析、GIS分析等研究方法，选取福州、厦门和南京城市的“公共型”和“商业型”休闲空间类型（即体育健身休闲空间和历史文化街区商业休闲空间）为实证案例，揭示不同休闲空间类型使用质量基本特征、制约影响及其作用机制。四是探索城市休闲空间使用质量对城市休闲空间优化、再生、更新、发展的影响，提出调控措施，为我国城市人本化休闲化发展提供决策依据和实践指导。项目研究期间，发表期刊12篇，其中国内核心期刊CSSCI与CSCD论文8篇；一般论文4篇。