基于非晶合金材料的电动汽车用新型模块化定子交替磁极转子混合励磁同步电机基础研究

The performance of electric vehicle drive motors (EVDMs) developed by conventional materials, topologies and design techniques is approaching the technical bottleneck. In order to better meet the higher requirements of EVDMs in the future, it is an inevitable course to develop novel high-performance drive motors with new materials, structures and principles. In this project, a novel type of modular-stator consequent-pole rotor hybrid-excitation synchronous machine based on amorphous alloy material is presented and the key basic issues of this new type of motor are studied. These features will significantly improve the operating efficiency, enlarge the low-speed running torque and broaden the constant-power speed-regulation range of the EVDMs, providing an innovative development direction for EVDWs. The specific contents of this project are summarized as follows. Firstly, the basic electromagnetic relationship and the specific electromechanical energy conversion mechanism of this new type of motor are established based on the basic electromagnetic laws. Secondly, a nonlinear three-dimensional equivalent magnetic network model taking the saturation of the amorphous alloy core into account is established. Thirdly, the electromagnetic design basic theory and method of this type of motor is investigated. Finally, two prototypes are developed to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. The research work of this project has not only application prospects, but also important scientific significance for its theoretical research achievements and the solution of the scientific problems.

采用常规材料、常规拓扑结构和设计技术所开发的电动汽车驱动电机性能已接近技术瓶颈。为了更好满足未来电动汽车对驱动电机的更高要求，采用新材料、新结构、新原理开发新型高性能驱动电机是电动汽车驱动电机的必由之路。本项目提出一种基于非晶合金材料的电动汽车用新型模块化定子交替磁极转子混合励磁同步电机并对其关键基础问题进行研究，将其应用于电动汽车中，将显著提高驱动电机的运行效率、提升低速运行转矩和拓宽恒功率调速范围等综合性能，为电动汽车驱动电机提供了一个创新性的发展方向。具体内容包括以基本电磁定律为出发点，建立该新型电机基本电磁关系，探明其特殊机电能量转换机理；建立考虑非晶合金铁心饱和的非线性三维等效磁网络模型；建立其电磁设计的基础理论与方法；开发出两台实验样机，验证理论分析的正确性。该项目的研究工作不仅具有应用前景，而且其理论研究成果和所解决的科学问题具有重要的科学意义。

采用常规材料、常规拓扑结构和设计技术所开发的电动汽车驱动电机性能已接近技术瓶颈。为了更好满足未来电动汽车对驱动电机的更高要求，采用新材料、新结构、新原理开发新型高性能驱动电机是电动汽车驱动电机的必由之路。本项目提出了一种基于非晶合金材料的电动汽车用新型模块化定子交替磁极转子混合励磁同步电机拓扑，并对其关键科学问题开展研究，主要成果如下：.（1）提出了基于非晶合金材料的新型模块化定子交替磁极转子混合励磁同步电机拓扑结构，基于电机中的基本电磁定律和三维电磁场计算，探明了运行机理和机电能量转换机理，分析了结构参数对新型电机性能的影响。.（2）建立了新型混合励磁同步电机三维瞬态非线性全域等效磁网络解析模型，该解析模型考虑了电机局部饱和、漏槽磁、端部漏磁、极间漏磁轴向磁路等问题。利用该模型可以计算不同运行状态下新型电机的气隙磁通密度、磁链、反电动势波形、电磁转矩和调磁特性等，并通过有限元方法验证了所搭建磁网络模型的准确性，实现了该类电机电磁性能的准确、快速计算。.（3）提出了新型混合励磁同步电机水冷板结构和空水复合冷却高效散热系统。采用水冷板与电枢绕组端部、励磁绕组端部贴壁设计，能够直接冷却定子主要热源，极大地提高了电机功率/转矩密度，有效地抑制了电机温升。在水冷板冷却结构的基础上提出了封闭式空水复合冷却系统结构，进一步降低了电机永磁体温升。.（4）建立了空水复合冷却下新型混合励磁同步电机全域等效热网络模型，编写了热网络计算程序。利用该模型可以计算不同运行状态下新型电机各部件温升分布，并通过CFD法验证了等效热网络模型的准确性，实现了该类电机温升的准确快速计算。.上述研究成果对推进新型模块化定子交替磁极转子混合励磁同步电机的研究和应用具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。