下颌骨髁突缺损的骨－软骨一体化组织工程修复研究

Trauma, inflammation, tumor and other causes can cause condylar cartilage defects, accompanied by pain can occur, mouth difficulties, voice and chewing dysfunction, skewed deformities and other clinical symptoms, is the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery problems. (BMSC), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) were introduced into the 3D BCP scaffold via hydrogel. The bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) To construct a tissue engineering scaffold with bone and cartilage integration. (BCP) gradient porous stent, so that the upper part of the stent structure suitable for chondrocyte growth of the lower pore structure suitable for bone cell growth; combined with poly-amino acid hydrogel with sustained-release effect can prevent cells and growth factors (Bone and cartilage) can be reconstructed in different parts of tissue-engineered scaffolds to achieve the effects of different combinations of BMP-2, TGF-β and BMSCs in hydrogels. purpose. Through the experiments of physical and chemical experiments and in vitro biological experiments, especially in large animals, the implementation of this project will provide experimental data and theoretical basis for clinical application of condylar defect tissue engineering repair.

外伤、炎症、肿瘤等病因均可造成髁突骨软骨的破坏缺损，可产生疼痛、张口困难、咀嚼功能障碍、偏斜畸形等临床症状，是口腔颌面外科领域的棘手问题。项目拟采用骨-软骨一体化的设计思路，设计3D打印双相磷酸钙陶瓷（BCP）梯度多孔支架，使支架上部孔结构适合软骨细胞生长，下部孔结构适合骨细胞生长；将自体骨髓干细胞(BMSC)、骨形态蛋白（BMP-2）、转化生长因子（TGF-β）通过水凝胶引入到3D打印BCP支架上，构建出具有骨与软骨一体化修复组织工程支架；结合聚氨基酸水凝胶具有缓释作用可以防止细胞与生长因子的过早流失；利用水凝胶中BMP-2、TGF-β和BMSC的不同组合，可以使组织工程支架的不同部位重建不同组织（骨、软骨），达到对髁突缺损骨、软骨全层修复的目的。通过理化实验和体外生物实验尤其是大动物体内实验的验证，为髁突缺损的组织工程修复提供具有临床应用价值的实验数据和理论基础。

外伤、炎症、肿瘤等病因均可造成髁突骨软骨缺损，可产生疼痛、张口困难、咀嚼功能障碍、偏斜畸形等临床症状，是口腔颌面外科领域的棘手问题。本项目旨在设计制备出一种支架以能够同时修复骨软骨缺损。本项目开发出多种支架，如聚谷氨酸-g-酪胺/cRGDfk支架、PDA涂层的β-TCP/PLGA复合支架、双嘧达莫/β-TCP/聚乙烯醇复合支架、掺镁生物活性玻璃支架。首先分别检测了各种支架的理化性能，然后检测了各种支架在体外对软骨细胞和成骨前体细胞的生物相容性，各种支架在体外均具有较好的软骨细胞相容性及成骨分化能力。但体内实验结果发现，掺镁生物活性玻璃支架在骨软骨缺损中具有相对最好的一体化修复效果，该实验发现镁在骨软骨缺损一体化修复中有着巨大的应用潜力。该项目为镁应用于再生医学中提供了理论基础，也为髁突骨软骨缺损一体化修复提供了具有临床应用价值的实验数据和理论基础。