盘状纳米石墨烯和碗状芳烃的合成及性能研究

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been the subject of intense research over the past decade owing to their wide applications in organic electronics, such as organic semiconductors, luminescent materials, and solar cells. . Disc-shaped PAHs possess the structural characters of graphene, and have structurally well-defined size, shape, and edge structure. Therefore, disc-shaped PAHs are not only privileged materials but also act as a model for the study of the structure and properties of graphene. Bowl-shaped aromatic hydrocarbons, namely buckybowls, are known as fullerene fragments, which constitute a family of curved aromatic compounds with fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. Buckybowls have attracted much attention not only as model compounds for fullerenes or CNTs, but also for their own high potentials as novel materials for futuristic organic electronics. However, the synthesis of buckybowls possesses great challenges due to their highly curved structures. In this context, the design and synthesis of these two typical planar and curved aromatics are highly demanded for further promoting their applications in materials science and other fields. . This project will focus on the synthesis of disc-shaped nanographenes and buckybowls which possess the core of coronene and sumanene respectively, both starting from our recently prepared 1,5,9-triaminotriphenylene. The targeted molecules features the reservation of unsubstituted hydrogen atoms on their peripheries, which allows the investigation of their intrinsic properties of the pristine compounds, and tuning their properties by introduction of various substituents or further extension of the π systems. We also plan to have a study on their crystal structure and physiochemical properties. This research would lay a solid foundation for their application as organic semiconductors, luminescent materials or in the aspect of supramolecular recognition.

多环芳烃在有机半导体材料、发光材料和太阳能电池等领域具有广泛的应用前景。盘状多环芳烃具有石墨烯微结构，具有可控的尺寸、形状和边缘结构，除了自身具有优异的材料性能外，其对研究石墨烯性质具有重要的理论价值。碗状芳烃是一类具有代表性的曲面芳香分子，其结构类似于富勒烯的片段，是一类潜在新型有机功能材料，但其特殊的张力结构导致合成较为困难，限制了它们的进一步研究和应用。因此，合成和研究这两类具有代表性的多环芳烃是很有必要性的。本课题计划以1,5,9-三胺基三亚苯为关键原料，实现一系列结构新颖的盘状和碗状多环芳烃的高效合成。这些目标分子的边缘保留了未被取代的氢原子，有利于研究其本征性质，并可根据需要引入各种官能团或扩大其共轭体系以调节其性能。此外，我们还计划研究这些芳香分子的晶体结构和理化性质，及其在有机半导体材料、发光材料和超分子识别等方面的应用。

多环芳烃在有机半导体材料、发光材料和太阳能电池等领域具有广泛的应用前景。盘状多环芳烃是具有可控的尺寸、形状和边缘结构的纳米级石墨烯分子，具有优异的材料性能。碗状芳烃是一类具有代表性的曲面芳香分子，其结构类似于富勒烯的片段，是一类新型有机功能材料，但其特殊的张力结构导致合成较为困难，限制了它们的进一步研究和应用。因此，合成和研究这两类具有代表性的多环芳烃是很有必要性的。本项目中，我们以1,5,9-三胺基三亚苯为关键原料，成功地实现了几类盘状和碗状多环芳烃的高效合成，并对其结构和性质进行了研究。我们成功地合成了以蒄为代表的全碳和BN掺杂的的盘状多环芳烃分子，并研究了其结构及性质；利用新的合成策略，首次制备了素馨烯的高价碘类似物，然后以此为关键中间体，成功地合成了极具挑战性的碗状芳香功能分子—硫杂、硒杂和碲杂素馨烯，并通过单晶X衍射证实了其特殊的碗状结构。通过金属催化的脱氢环化策略实现了硅杂、锗杂的素馨烯类似物的合成，并研究了其性质。发展了两种新颖的合成方法用于高效构建硫族元素掺杂的多环芳烃类有机功能分子。发现很多碲杂多环芳烃具有纯有机化合物中比较罕见的室温磷光性质。此外，我们还初步研究了以硫杂和硒杂素馨烯为半导体材料的场效应晶体管器件性能。本项目的研究结果将有力地促进纳米石墨烯分子和曲面芳香化合物的进一步研究及应用。