微创脊柱手术术中增强现实显示技术及系统研究

Minimally invasive spine surgery is widely used in the treatment of spinal diseases, the requirements of the accuracy and safety is higher than other orthopedics surgery. There are many problems in the traditional orthopedics surgery navigation system, such as the narrow surgical field, opaque bone, lack of effective means of safety monitoring during operation, long time X radiation lead to serious damage to the medical staff and patients. This project researches on the display method based on augmented reality, combines with engineering and medicine to carry out interdisciplinary research, focus on four aspects of point cloud reconstruction, point cloud registration, spinal reconstruction and real-time positioning research, breaks through barriers of key technology. The project will research on the registration method based on personalized medical imaging and realistic surgical environment of patient, display method on head mounted device reveal virtual information in zooming status, finally complete surgical navigation system based on augmented reality. The project will solve the problems as image feature is not obvious, how to keep3D spine model superimposed on the spine of patient in real time, the noise of image acquire and localization head mounted display equipment process which decline in the accuracy of the system. Finally the project will develop of augmented reality display system with independent intellectual property rights, complete the plastic bone and cadaver experiment, provide a new idea for the development of the intelligent and digital surgery.

脊柱微创手术广泛应用于脊柱疾病的治疗中，对手术的精确性、安全性要求更高。传统骨科手术导航系统存在诸多问题，如术野狭小、骨组织的不透明，缺乏有效的术中安全监测手段，长时间X射线辐射累积对医护人员和患者产生严重损害等。本项目以基于增强现实的显示方法为研究对象，结合工学和医学开展跨领域的学科交叉研究,围绕点云重建、点云配准、脊柱重建及实时定位四个方面开展研究，突破关键技术的壁垒，开展基于患者个性化医学影像和手术现实环境的配准方法、基于头戴设备变焦显示虚拟信息的方法及手术过程动态增强现实显示技术方法的研究，解决成像后的图像特征不明显，头戴式设备位置变化后如何保持脊柱三维模型位置实时叠加在患者脊柱上及图像采集、头戴式显示设备定位过程中的噪声导致系统的精度下降等问题，研制具有自主知识产权的基于增强现实显示系统，完成塑骨和尸体实验，为骨科微创手术智能化、数字化的发展提供新的思路。

针对脊柱微创手术对手术的精确性、安全性要求更高等问题，传统骨科手术导航系统存在诸多问题，如术野狭小、骨组织的不透明，缺乏有效的术中安全监测手段，长时间X射线辐射累积对医护人员和患者产生严重损害等。本项目以基于增强现实的显示方法为研究对象，结合工学和医学开展跨领域的学科交叉研究,围绕点云重建、点云配准、脊柱重建及实时定位四个方面开展研究，突破关键技术的壁垒，采用基于患者个性化医学影像和手术现实环境的superPCS配准方法、基于ESMF滤波的头戴设备变焦显示虚拟信息的方法及手术过程动态增强现实显示技术方法的研究，解决成像后的图像特征不明显，头戴式设备位置变化后如何保持脊柱三维模型位置实时叠加在患者脊柱上及图像采集、头戴式显示设备定位过程中的噪声导致系统的精度下降等问题，构建具有自主知识产权的基于增强现实显示系统，完成塑骨和尸体实验，为骨科微创手术智能化、数字化的发展提供新的思路。.本项目发表学术论文7篇，其中SCI5篇并申请专利2项。以本项目成果为研究基础，申请国家自然科学基金面上项目1项，国家重点研发计划课题1项。