基于Marangoni效应微驱动的有序膜构建及其成形、捕捉和调控研究

Ordered membrane is one of the key points for the common problems such as precise separation for membrane field. And it is also an important bridge for the multiple functional applications of membrane science. However, for available technology, some bottleneck problems such as difficult regulatory and poor universality should be under consideration. Inspired by natural physical phenomena, this project put forward a new strategy for ordered membrane from the Marangoni effect viewpoint. The research can be conducted based on the drived forming, trapping and locking. The micro drive of Marangoni effect is used for the growth of orderly membrane structure. And the trapping and locking of growth fragments can be conducted masterly by phase separation. At the same time, the transmembrane structure can be obtained. .Started with the micro environment of membrane preparation system, the synergistic effect of membrane preparation system, field conditions and phase separation behavior will be investigated. The growth rule and locking behavior of ordered structure will be founded. The qualitative/quantitative relationship among preparation parameters and multi-scale fine structure including geometry information of ordered structure, surface chemical information and cross-section gradient information, will be investigated. By manipulating the Marangoni effect, the physical schema can be obtained. Based on molecular simulation, the clear understanding on the different migration path of involved components can be achieved. Then, the interpretation of the micro drive mechanism can be obtained. Finally, the controllable preparation and precision control of the ordered membranes are achieved. The common and guiding knowledge and methods obtained in this project can provide new way for the multiple functional applications of ordered membranes. And it is also important for the complement the subject connotations and structure control theory of membrane science.

有序膜是破解膜领域精密分离等共性难题的关键途径之一，也是膜科学实现多场合功能化应用的重要桥梁，但现有构建方法尚存在可调性受限、普适性不强等难题。受自然界物理现象启发，本项目从Marangoni效应角度提出新策略，从驱动成形、捕捉锁定入手，以Marangoni效应微驱动实现膜有序构造的生长，以相分离巧妙实现生长片段的捕捉和锁定，并同步实现有序膜贯通结构的构建。.拟从成膜体系微环境入手，研究铸膜体系、场域条件、相分离行为的协同作用，探究膜有序构造生长规律和和锁定行为，调控多尺度精细结构(有序构造几何信息/表面化学信息/截面梯度信息)，建立其与制备参数的定性/定量关系；操纵Marangoni效应并研究其物理图景，结合分子模拟研究涉事组分差异化的迁移轨迹，解读微驱动机制，实现有序膜可控构筑及精密调控，并形成具有共性指导意义的规律和方法，为有序膜多场合应用提供新途径，丰富膜科学内涵和结构调控理论。

有序膜是破解膜领域精密分离等共性难题的关键途径之一，也是膜科学实现多场合功能化应用的重要桥梁，但现有构建方法尚存在可调性受限、普适性不强等难题。本项目基于溶剂挥发效应，从驱动力、构造成形手段（表面偏析、模板法、浸渍提拉法）等入手，实现了表面呈多样化图案的有序膜的构建，从膜制备、膜表面构造成形过程和机理、膜应用特性等方面开展研究，重点包括三个方面：基于溶剂蒸发诱导调控膜表面有序构造、浸渍提拉法制备蜂窝状图案膜的构建和应用特性研究、大规模低成本制备有序蜂窝图案膜的策略和普适性研究，在以下四个方面实现创新性突破：(1)提出一种通过蒸发诱导膜表面形貌的方法，通过铸膜体系设计，利用表面偏析等手段，以溶剂挥发为驱动力，在膜的表面构建出有序构造，探明了其关键受控因素；(2)以聚苯乙烯、聚砜等为膜材料，基于模板分子的模板效应和挥发溶剂的挥发效应，以模板辅助法得到表面呈现规整多孔结构的功能膜，并采用傅里叶变换手段，评价有序度，探明了铸膜体系中各组分之间的相互关系，揭示了关键受控因素；(3)提出了一种简单、有效的在聚合物膜表面构筑具有三维拓扑结构图案的策略，即采用浸渍提拉法制备图案膜，系统的研究了膜表面有序结构的成形机理和关键因素，通过对工艺条件的调节与优化，结合微乳液模板策略，实现了膜表面微图案结构的可控制备，相关研究对丰富图案膜构建方法具有重要意义；(4)提出了一种大规模且低成本的有序膜制备方法，破解了传统方法往往采用特殊结构、昂贵的聚合物材料的难题，在正常的室内环境条件下可制造出具有蜂窝状图案的有序薄膜，并在疏水材料、模板材料等方面实现应用拓展。通过系列研究，形成了具有共性指导意义的规律和方法，为有序膜多场合应用提供新途径，丰富了膜科学内涵和结构调控理论。