致密油气储层地球物理表征与甜点检测

This project primary focuses on the research topic of "seismic wave response and sweet spot characterization of tight oil and gas reservoir". Specifically, the mathematical physical model (including both wave control equations and conditions of determined solution et al.,) of characterizing wave propagating features in the tight oil and gas reservoir will be proposed; precision-controlled numerical method of solving proposed wave equation will be applied to simulate the wave propagation in the complicated media. In addition, both the Bayes inversion theory based sparse-priori seismic profile and high efficiency algorithm and inversion theory based on sparse Lp norm regularization are built. Moreover, we also propose the effective methods and critical techniques to predict the sweet spot of tight oil and gas reservoir including preserved amplitude angle gather technique based on wave control equation in the tight oil and gas reservoir, absolute impedance inversion being independent of well-log data in the inhomogeneous media, theory and methods of inverting wave velocity and Q value in the imaging domain; Based on the wave control equation in the anisotropic tight oil and gas media with the consideration of multi-physics mechanisms, multi-phase fluids, the fast inversion algorithm of inverting the reservoir characteristics parameters is proposed; meanwhile, both seismic data regularization technique and pre-stack seismic trace noise attenuation technique are also built. .The proposed theories and techniques will not only significantly promote the tight oil and gas reservoir exploration using seismic theory, but also enhance geophysical theory and technique competitiveness to support the tight oil and gas reservoir exploration and sweet spot detection.

本项目聚焦研究“致密油气储层的地震波响应与甜点表征”这一科学问题，建立致密油气介质中波传播的数学物理模型（包括波的控制方程及定解条件等）；发展求解该模型的精度可控制的数值方法，用于复杂介质中波场的模拟。提出基于稀疏先验的地震资料Bayes反演理论、基于稀疏Lp范数正则化的反演理论与高效算法。提出用于致密油气甜点识别的有效方法或核心技术：基于致密油气介质波控制方程的保幅角道集生成技术、不依赖测井资料的非均匀介质中绝对波阻抗反演技术、成像域波速度及Q值等参数的反演理论及方法；基于包含多物理机制、多相流各向异性的致密油气介质中波控制方程的储层储集特征参数快速反演方法；地震数据的规则化技术、叠前道集中噪声衰减技术等。.该项目的成果，将显著推动国内外致密油气地震波探测领域理论及方法的发展与技术进步，提升我国的核心竞争力，并为我国致密油气勘探与甜点识别提供技术支撑。

非常规油气资源的有效勘探开发是国家能源战略决策的关键，事关社会发展和国家安全。自2018年1月启动以来，紧紧围绕项目的核心科学问题开展研究，取得了一系列重要研究进展，其中最重要的研究进展包括：（1）建立了致密油气介质波控制方程及其适定性理论；（2）建立了粘弹性非达西流波传播数学物理模型；（3）研制了保幅角道集生成技术；（4）提出了基于混合高斯离散模型误差刻画的贝叶反演方法；（5）研制了致密储层结构预测技术，包括用于陆上实际地震资料水平井定位，非平稳地震记录时-空变子波与反射系数序列交替迭代反演技术；（6）提出了基于深度学习的新一代全波形反演方法；（7）研制了横向非均匀介质中绝对波阻抗反演技术。这些研究进展与成果体现在项目成员过去两年已发表的41篇学术论文。