综采面复合尘源动态污染演化规律与局部雾化封闭控除尘基础研究

Aiming at the problem of dust control and removal under the dynamic pollution environment of coal dust that was produced in coal cutting and support movement in fully mechanized mining face, the dynamic pollution evolution of composite dust source and local spray closed dust control and removal will research in this project. Firstly, by measuring discrete features, wetting characteristics and microscopic properties of coal dust that was produced in coal cutting and support movement, the dust-producing characteristics of compound dust sources will be revealed, as well as, the influence of discrete features such as mass concentration and particle size distribution, microscopic properties such as specific surface, porosity, microcrystalline parameters on wettability will be s discovered. Secondly, by simulating the process of coal dust produced in coal cutting and support movement under turbulent airflow from coal cutting disturbance, the effect of turbulent airflow from coal cutting on the lateral dissipation of coal dust will be elaborated, and the dynamic pollution evolution of composite dust sources will be defined. Then, by testing the spray closure and the coalescence characteristics of dust and droplet under multi-factors disturbance, the influence of disturbance airflow, spray pressure and multi-nozzle arrangement on the characteristics of spray closure will be revealed, and the mathematical model will be established for the mass concentration and particle size distribution of coal dust, droplet size and velocity and the efficiency of spray closed dust control and removal. Finally, based on the above research results, the local spray closed dust control and removal system in fully mechanized mining face will be constructed, which consists of wetting shearer scrubber, venturi negative pressure ejector sprayer, light vibrating string dust control curtain.

针对综采面截割-移架尘源动态污染环境下的煤尘防治难题，本项目开展复合尘源动态污染特性与局部雾化封闭控除尘基础研究。首先，测定综采面截割-移架煤尘的离散特征、润湿特性以及微观性质，揭示复合尘源的产尘特性，以及煤尘质量浓度、粒径分布等离散特征、表面积、孔隙度以及微晶参数等微观性质对其润湿特性的影响。其次，数值模拟截割湍流风扰动下的截割-移架煤尘动态污染过程，阐述截割湍流风对煤尘侧向逸散行为的诱导作用，明确复合尘源动态污染规律。然后，研究多因素扰动下的喷嘴组雾化封闭与尘雾凝并特性，揭示扰动风流、喷雾压力以及多喷嘴布置方式对雾化封闭特性的影响规律，并构建煤尘质量浓度、粒径分布，雾滴粒径、速度与雾化封闭控除尘效率之间的数学模型。最后，基于上述研究成果，构建由采煤机湿式除尘器、文丘里负压引射喷雾器以及轻质振弦控尘幕等组成的综采面尘源局部雾化封闭控除尘体系。

针对综采面截割-移架尘源动态污染环境下的煤尘防治难题，本项目开展了复合尘源动态污染特性与局部雾化封闭控除尘基础研究。首先，测定了综采面截割-移架煤尘的离散特征、润湿特性以及微观性质，揭示了复合尘源的产尘特性，明确了煤尘质量浓度、粒径分布以及微观等微观结构对其润湿特性的影响。其次，数值模拟了截割湍流风扰动下的截割-移架煤尘动态污染过程，阐述了截割湍流风对煤尘侧向逸散行为的诱导作用，明确了复合尘源动态污染规律。然后，研究了多因素扰动下的喷嘴组雾化封闭与尘雾凝并特性，阐释了扰动风流、雾化类型、喷雾压力对喷嘴宏细观雾化特性的影响规律，摸清了尘雾耦合凝并机制。最后，基于上述研究成果，研发了采煤机湿式水动力除尘器、文丘里负压引射喷雾器，构建了综采面尘源局部雾化封闭控除尘体系。