分子自组织调控的新型疏水改性聚合物智能流体研究

In the project, we propound a new construction strategy that an intellective fluid would be built by integrating different function modules undertaking the mechanical (rheological) and the responsive performances respectively, in a certain way. Based on the strategy, we propose to develope the hydrophobic modified polymer-surfactant composite system to be a new type of intellective fluid, in which the hydrophobic modified polymer acts as the rheological performance module and the surfactant aggregate as the responsive switch. In order to obtain the construction rules of this new type of intellective fluid, we will deeply investigate the structure-activity relationship of this kind of intellective fluid and the synergism of the rheological behaviour with the assembly begaviour of the surfactant in an intellective fluid by characterising the macroscopic properties, the mesoscopic structrure and the micro intermoleculer forces, as well as by analizing the roles of the mesoscopic and micro features in the performance mechanism of the intellective fluid. The researche of the project is a beneficial exploration to surfactant application in intellective material. It will be helpful for further understanding the construction rules and the performance mechanism of the intellective fluids. More importantly, it will develope new construction strategy for intellective fluids, which will be of great help to the design and the developement of various types of new intellective fluids for different application situations.

本项目提出了将分别承担流变性能和响应性能的构件以一定的方式组装为智能流体的构筑策略，并根据这一策略提出发展以疏水改性聚合物为流变性能构件、表面活性剂聚集体为响应开关的新型疏水改性聚合物－表面活性剂复合智能流体。通过对此类智能流体的制备以及对体系的宏观性能、介观结构、微观作用力的测试和表征，深入研究聚合物和表面活性剂与智能流体性能之间的构效关系、体系流变行为与表面活性剂自组织行为的协同作用机制，探索此类智能流体的构筑规律，揭示静电作用、疏水缔合作用、空间限制作用，以及氢键、PAI－PAI相互作用、分子构象转变等在智能流体作用机制中所扮演的角色。本项目研究不仅是表面活性剂应用于智能材料领域的一次有益探索，而且将拓展智能流体的构筑思路，深化对智能流体构筑规律和作用机制的认识，为设计和开发新型智能流体以满足多样化的应用要求提供理论依据和方法。

一、合成了5个种类共20个化合物。其中包括普通烷基化大分子、功能化烷基化大分子、 Gemini表面活性剂、功能化表面活性剂、功能化非表面活性分子。.二、根据项目所提出的“构件组装”思路，将烷基化大分子与表面活性剂体系组成混合体系，以具有长链结构的烷基化大分子为流变性能构件，以具有环境响应功能的表面活性剂聚集体为条件响应构件，用一定的方式将二者有机组装起来，制备出了响应光、温度、pH三种外界刺激的智能流体，并考察各流体的性能。其中光响应智能流体粘度变化可达3个数量级，温度响应智能流体粘度变化可达2.5个数量级，pH响应智能流体粘度变化可达5个数量级。.三、发展出三种调控智能流体内部结构的机制，即通过外界条件调控表面活性剂聚集体的形成和解离、调控聚集体的数量以及调控聚集体的形貌。.四、拓展出一类温控透光率智能凝胶。这类凝胶的透光率具有优良的温度响应性，同时又具有稳定的流变性能。.五、探索了各种因素对上述三种智能流体及温控透光率智能凝胶的影响规律。