超高压诱导胶原蛋白明胶化机理研究

The traditional processing of gelatin, using acid and alkali to induce collagen tending to gelatin, has some problems such as low efficiency, serious pollution and so on. We studied the processing of gelatin by and proved that ultra-high pressure could induce collagen tending to gelatin effectively, as well as improve the gel properties of gelatin. The project will study the mechanism of collagen tending to gelatin induced by high pressure based on the preliminary results. Firstly, the thermodynamic character and micromechanism of collagen after ultra-high pressure will be studied, and the best thermodynamic status and special structure of collagen tending to gelatin will be confirmed. Based on that, the dynamic characteristics and molecular mechanism , during the whole course of collagen tending to gelatin induced by ultra-high pressure, will be studied using the method of molecular simulation, Then the mechanism model that could explain the change of thermodynamic status and special structure of collagen tending to gelatin during the whole course will be build , the mechanism of collagen tending to gelatin induced by high pressure will be uncoverd. The results of the project is meaningful to decrease pollution during gelatin processing and improve the technology of gelatin processing.

传统的明胶生产工艺过程主要采用酸碱诱导胶原明胶化，存在着生产效率低、污染严重等问题。前期我们对超高压技术替代酸碱处理制备明胶工艺进行了探索，发现超高压处理可有效诱导胶原明胶化，同时显著提高明胶的凝胶特性。基于此，本课题拟对超高压诱导胶原蛋白明胶化机理进行深入研究。首先研究超高压诱导后明胶化胶原热力学特性和微观结构，明确明胶化胶原的较优热力学状态和特征结构，在此基础上采用分子模拟的方法，研究超高压诱导胶原蛋白明胶化全过程中胶原变化的动态特性和分子机制，最终构建可描述该过程中胶原蛋白热力学状态和明胶化特征结构变化的机理模型，解析超高压诱导胶原蛋白明胶机理。旨在通过以上研究为超高压技术在明胶产业化中应用乃至环境友好型明胶生产工艺的建立奠定理论基础。

传统的明胶生产工艺过程主要采用酸碱诱导胶原明胶化，存在着生产效率低、污染严重等问题。前期我们对超高压技术替代酸碱处理制备明胶工艺进行了探索，发现超高压处理可有效诱导胶原明胶化，同时显著提高明胶的凝胶特性。本课题对超高压诱导胶原蛋白明胶化机理进行了深入研究。. 热力学研究显示，超高压协同稀酸诱导可以显著降低胶原热稳定性。传统酸处理不同，在所选定超高压条件下，胶原热稳定性越低，胶原明胶化程度越高。超高压的处理强度对胶原热稳定性的影响呈现先下降后上升的趋势，也就是适度的超高压处理可以获得较优明胶化胶原。. 结构研究显示，超高压条件可以加速稀酸对胶原分子间共价交联以及非螺旋区共价键的破坏，导致三螺旋结构快速解体，超高压作用本身会破坏胶原体系内氢键平衡，新的氢键的形成与胶原明胶化程度密切相关，超高压强度过大会导致过多氢键形成，进而导致胶原明胶化程度降低。. 基于热力学和结构研究结果研究了超高压协同稀酸诱导胶原明胶化的分子机制，结果证明超高压条件下稀酸可快速破坏胶原分子间共价交联以及非螺旋区共价键，使胶原蛋白三螺旋结构松散，在超高压环境中，胶原分子内氢键平衡被打破，胶原三螺旋结构解体，同时胶原亚基之间以及其与水之间可形成新的氢键，形成明胶化胶原。明胶化胶原中形成的新的氢键平衡在后期热提取过程中对胶原的亚基的完整性起到保护作用，同时可确保明胶中含有更高比例的高分子亚基组分，具有更优的凝胶特性。. 本研究结果为超高压技术在明胶产业化中应用乃至环境友好型明胶生产工艺的建立奠定理论基础。.