基于免疫智能体的多目标湿地景观变化模拟与格局优化模型

Contradiction between farming and the environment protection as well as that between multi-objective optimization and limited available resources and spaces are the questions which we have to face in the process of wetland landscape simulating and pattern optimizing. Traditional methods generally can't deal with these problems efficiently..Considering the previous issues, this project intends to achieve three goals: first, set up a model for multi-objective wetland landscape simulation and pattern optimization based on artificial immune inspired multi-agent system; second, create a simulation optimizing environment which combines with multi-agent and cellular automata, as well as taking into account driving forces and multi-dimensional geospatial information; third, introduce immune mechanisms to control and management of multi-agent system, in order to not only achieve multi-objective integration and optimization but also improve the ability of settling multi-dimensional questions. Based on these researches, a theory and method system for complex ecosystem landscape simulation and optimization will be constructed..Selecting Sanjiang Plain as our study area, we intend to effectively simulate the wetland landscape formation and evolution processes which are caused by different natural and human activities. Further, after identifying the crucial driving forces and the corresponding functions, a trade-off scheme of wetland farmland landscape pattern optimization would be proposed, which can provide decision support for regional sustainable development. The contents and goals of our study will have very important value for science-practice interface.

在进行湿地景观模拟与格局优化过程中，必须要面对：农业生产与环境保护的矛盾；多目标优化与有限可利用总体资源和空间的矛盾。传统方法通常难以应对这些矛盾并提出行之有效的模拟与优化方案。.因此本研究拟：(1)建立基于免疫智能体的多目标湿地景观变化模拟与格局优化模型；(2)基于多智能体与元胞自动机相结合模拟技术，建立兼顾景观驱动力与多维度地理空间信息的模拟优化环境；(3)在多智能体的控制管理部分引入免疫机制，实现多种目标的整合与优化，提高多维复杂问题求解能力，构建复杂生态系统景观模拟与优化理论与方法体系。.以三江平原湿地为试验区，有效模拟湿地景观在不同自然与人为作用下的形成与演化过程，预测其发展趋势；辨识其变化的关键驱动因子及作用，获得更加可行的、兼顾各方利益的湿地-农田景观格局优化方案，为区域可持续发展提供决策支持，研究内容和目标将具有重要科学实用价值。

在进行湿地景观模拟与格局优化过程中，必须要面对：农业生产与环境保护的矛盾；多目标优化与有限可利用总体资源和空间的矛盾。传统方法通常难以应对这些矛盾并提出行之有效的模拟与优化方案。.因此本项目研究元胞自动机及多智能体的学习、协作、通讯机制，及以景观模拟和优化为目标的功能化集成策略，建立智能化景观模拟与优化系统；通过分析湿地周边地区生态、水文、生物、农业等因子，挖掘湿地景观变化关键驱动力，模拟不同自然及人为管理条件下湿地景观变化过程；研究湿地相关各方面关注的核心利益，初步提出顾及多重目标及资源总量有效条件下湿地景观优化定量评价方法，面向不同优化情景提供土地利用优化配置建议；研究面向生态型情境下湿地地区土地利用配置方法，通过建立农业开发适宜性评价体系，提供三江平原湿地管理与保护的合理性建议；提出泛知识化表达三维模型UKRM，基于该模型构建三维GIS软件平台，更加精确高效地实现湿地景观的优化与模拟。.本项目基本实现了预定研究目标，包括实现了高精度湿地景观变化模拟，并面向不同规划情景提供了土地利用分配方案，为三江平原区域可持续发展提供决策支持。未来研究可以从以下方面继续扩展与加强：（1）本项目共使用三种多智能体（农民、政府和保护者），未来可以进一步细化多智能体种类，进一步提升湿地景观模拟与优化；（2）在湿地优化过程中引入景观生态学理论和方法，耦合得到的智能土地利用优化结果，提出更加合理的和实用的湿地景观优化配置方案。.未来研究可以从以下方面继续扩展与加强：（1）本项目共使用三种多智能体（农民、政府和保护者），未来可以进一步细化多智能体种类，进一步提升湿地景观模拟与优化；（2）在湿地优化过程中引入景观生态学理论和方法，耦合得到的智能土地利用优化结果，提出更加合理的和实用的湿地景观优化配置方案。