石荠苎属三种植物进化生态学研究

Former studies had shown that genus Mosla (Labiatae) evolved towards two different directions, weediness and sparsity in phylogeny. We have studied adaptive strategy and evolutionary ecology traits of 4 species belong to these two groups by view of structural ecology, physioecology and population ecology, and the results showed: (1) The 4 species have different architecture and different behaviors to modulate population density: Mosla hangchowensis and M. chinensis have orbicular crown, and weak self-thinning, so they have weaker competitive ability for light than the neighbor plants, resulting in difficult survival in deep soil habitat; while M. dianthera and M. scabra have tower crown and stronger vertical growth, and strong self-thinning, thus they can be the preponderate species in the community. (2) Respect to the physioecology character, M. dianthera and M. scabra live well because the actual water niche of them are close to their perfect water niche, while M. hangchowensis and M. chinensis live badly because their actual water niche is different from the perfect water niche significantly. (3)Weakly vertical growth and significant difference between actual and perfect water niche are the primary causes for M. chinensis not widely distributing and not to be ruderal plant. (4) The survival strategy of M. hangchowensis is the endurance strategy, it can endure extreme arid by high phenotypic plasticity, but the competitive ability is weak. (5) The conclusion we can draw from all above is that, weak competitive ability and strong endurance cause the actual water niche of M. hangchowensis and M. chinensis separate from the perfect niche, and have small population size. Furthermore, the small and discontinuity survival habitat area of M. hangchowensis, combining with weak ability in seeds dispersal of this species, should be the important mechanism of its endangerment. Our new discovers are, species endangerment relate to high phenotypic plasticity (because of high cost), and the separating between perfect niche and actual niche. Expect for protecting inhabitancy of M. hangchowensis, cultivation should be a valued way in terms of this study. Mosla

选择唇形科石荠苎属杭州石荠苎、华荠苎和小鱼仙草，三种植物在环境要求、进化程度、遗传多样性、适应能力、分布区等方面或相近或相异。本研究从群落、居群、生理和分子生态学等多学科进行比较研究，以期确定各个种的生态幅、极端耐受能力、生活史策略和扩展能力，探讨三个种趋异进化机理，分析进化潜力和进化方向，试图在进化生态学上有所突破。