Estrogen (17β-Estradiol, E2) is the primary sex hormone in women and plays a key role in regulation of the growth/development and physiological functions of the female reproductive system and breasts. Under abnormal conditions, however, it may exert important effects on the malignant progression of breast cancer. It has been found that G protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) could activate calpain in breast cancer cells, yet its downstream signal pathway is not fully understood. Here we try to propose a hypothesis that E2/GPER may regulate the alteration of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype via a Src-calpain2-fibronectin-Src positive feedback that promotes metastasis of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). We’ll use modern biological methodologies to investigate the above proposed hypothesis at cellular and molecular levels. Briefly, we’ll assess the effect of E2/GPER on the alteration of EMT phenotype and a role of Src-calpain2-FN-Src positive feedback in the E2/GPER’s effect. Furthermore, xenograft in Scid mice will be used to validate the results obtained from the above in vitro studies. The goal of the proposed research program is to better understand and clarify the E2/GPER signaling and its biological role, and hopefully to find a key molecule(s) involved in controlling metastasis of TNBC,thus providing experimental evidence for a novel therapy strategy for TNBC.
雌激素(E2)是女性体内的主要性激素,在女性生殖系统和乳腺生长发育及生理功能调节中发挥重要作用,然而在异常情况下E2则是促进乳腺癌恶性进展的重要因素。已发现E2可通过G蛋白偶联雌激素受体(GPER)激活乳腺癌细胞钙蛋白酶(CANP)并影响其生物学行为,但其下游信号通路尚未完全阐明。为此,我们尝试提出“E2/GPER通过Src-CANP2-纤连蛋白(FN)-Src反馈环路调控三阴乳腺癌(TNBC)细胞上皮-间质转化(EMT)表型的变化并促进肿瘤转移”的科学假设。本项目拟采用现代生物学研究手段,在细胞和分子水平对上述科学假设进行重点研究,并通过建立小鼠肿瘤转移模型,在整体水平验证上述离体实验结果。通过本项目研究,实现深入认识和阐明E2/GPER信号通路及其生物学作用的目标,并力图发现GPER通路中调控TNBC转移的关键分子,为探寻基于GPER信号通路的TNBC治疗新策略提供实验依据。
17β-雌二醇(17β-estradiol, E2)参与促进女性生殖系统和乳腺生长发育及生理功能调节,然而E2也可诱导乳腺癌生成并促进乳腺癌的恶性进展。E2受体尤其是G蛋白偶联雌激素受体(G protein associated estrogen receptor, GPER)对乳腺癌恶性生物学行为和乳腺癌生成的影响及其机制目前尚未完全明了。为此,本研究采用细胞、分子生物学及裸鼠模型研究技术,探讨了GPER-钙蛋白酶(Calpain或CANP)信号通路与乳腺癌生成及恶性生物学行为的关系及其作用机制。本项目研究发现,(1) E2参与促进乳腺上皮细胞恶性转化 (transformation) 伴随细胞干性(stemness)增强和MAPK/ERK通路活动增强,CANP特异性抑制剂对上述效应具有阻断作用,ERK抑制剂可显著抑制转化细胞的增殖和细胞干性,提示CANP- ERK通路可调控乳腺上皮细胞转化和干性改变;(2) GPER促进乳腺癌细胞EMT并伴随细胞恶性生物学行为(细胞迁移和侵袭等肿瘤移特性)增强,GPER激活下游CANP2-YAP信号通路,提示GPER-CANP2-YAP通路参与促进乳腺癌细胞(Epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT),从而影响乳腺癌细胞的恶性生物学行为;(3) M1样巨噬细胞具有E2旁分泌功能,并可能参与促进ER阳性乳腺癌细胞干性和肿瘤生长,CANP参与M1巨噬细胞的上述作用;(4) GPER激动剂他莫昔芬可显著增强强心甙地高辛对乳腺癌细胞生长(ER阳性或阴性)的抑制效应。本项目研究结果提示,GPER-CANP2-YAP信号通路参与介导TNBC细胞EMT或细胞干性增强,CANP-ERK通路参与E2促进乳腺上皮细胞干性及恶性转化。乳腺癌细胞内可能存在GPER-CANP-ERK-CANP环路联系并调控肿瘤细胞EMT或干性;肿瘤微环境中可能存在巨噬细胞来源的E2旁分泌并参与促进肿瘤发展。这些认识可为临床上深入探寻防治乳腺癌的高效药物靶点提供实验依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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