基于内插变换的混合非相干与相干窄带信号波达方向估计与跟踪

In many application scenarios, the signals impinging on the array of sensors comprise the noncoherent (uncorrelated and/or partially correlated) signals and the coherent signals with several groups due to multipath propagation, and the two-dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrival (azimuth and elevation angles) estimation is important in military and civil applications. Motivated by the advantages of interpolation transformation technique such as the increased degree of freedom of the array and based on the previous developed methods of low computational complexity direction and tracking, the purpose of this research is to investigate some new techniques for 2-dimensional (2-D) direction estimation tracking of the mixed narrowband incident signals (including noncoherent signals and coherent signals with multiple groups). Especially by analyzing the statistical performance of the proposed methods, the asymptotic mean-square-error (MSE) expressions are derived explicitly, and the effect of array configurations on the estimation performance is compared quantitatively. The results of this research will contribute to the technical development of target localization and tracking in sonar, radar, and mobile communications.

在许多实际应用场合，由于多径传播导致入射到传感器阵列的信号可能是非相干（不相关和/或部分相关）信号和多组相干（完全相关）信号的混合物，而且在军事和民用领域中迫切需要高精度、多目标、抗干扰和自适应的二维波达方向（即俯仰角和方位角）估计。本项目利用内插变换技术可以增加阵列自由度，按需转换阵列形式等优点，以申请人已提出的低计算复杂度波达方向估计和跟踪方法等成果为基础，重点开展多径传播存在情况下基于内插阵列的计算复杂度低、估计精度高的混合窄带信号的二维波达方向估计方法以及跟踪方法。通过对所提出算法的统计性能进行严密的理论分析，推导波达方向估计值的渐近均方误差表达式，通过与数值计算相结合的手段验证所提出的方法的性能，并定量分析内插变换技术带来的误差，以及该误差对波达方向估计性能的影响，最后研究二维波达方向跟踪方法。本研究及其成果将会对雷达、声纳及移动通信中的目标定位和跟踪等技术的发展有所促进。

在许多实际应用场合，由于多径传播导致入射到传感器阵列的信号可能是非相干（不相关和/或部分相关）信号和多组相干（完全相关）信号的混合物，而且在军事和民用领域中迫切需要高精度、多目标、抗干扰和自适应的二维波达方向（即俯仰角和方位角）估计。本项目利用内插变换技术可以增加阵列自由度，按需转换阵列形式等优点，以申请人已提出的低计算复杂度波达方向估计和跟踪方法等成果为基础，就多径传播存在情况下基于内插阵列的计算复杂度低、估计精度高的混合信号的波达方向估计方法以及跟踪方法，提出了多种低复杂性、高鲁棒性的定位和跟踪算法。通过对所提出算法的统计性能进行严密的理论分析，推导定位参数值的渐近均方误差表达式，通过与数值计算相结合的手段验证了所提出的方法的性能，并定量分析内插变换技术带来的误差，以及该误差对波达方向估计性能的影响。