阵列式碳纳米管/聚偏氟乙烯自清洁膜材料的设计、制备和性能机制研究

Membrane fouling is the worldwide problem in membrane separation processing, which has became to the bottleneck restricting the large-scale application and should be solved exigently. In this subject, the poly(vinylidene fluoride)/arrayed carbon nanotube membrane has been designed and prepared, which has self-cleaning function through electrochemical action and strengthen the membrane separation process because of the carbon nanotubes having high specific surface area, stable physical and chemical properties, superior mechanical properties and good electrical properties. The FTIR and XPS will be focus on the modification, dispersion and composition of carbon nanotubes; the SEM, AFM and TEM will be used to study the morphology and microstructure of the membrace surface and the morphoolgy, microstructure, pores size and distribution of the membrane pores; the membrane process, electrochenmical mechanism, self-cleaning principle and synergistic effect mechanism of membrane will be more focused. The research results will develop the basic theory of membrane science and electrochemical science, which have the certain academic value and the broad application prospect for the environment and the membrane water treatment technologies.

膜分离过程中的膜污染问题一直是膜研究领域中最为关注的世界性难题。已成为制约膜技术大规模应用的瓶颈，是发展膜技术必须解决的关键问题。本课题提出将阵列式碳纳米管与聚偏氟乙烯复合制备具有自清洁功能的高性能杂化膜材料，解决膜领域中膜污染的关键问题。利用碳纳米管的高比表面积，稳定的物理化学性质，超强的力学性能和良好的电性能，通过电化学作用协同膜分离过程，实现膜分离过程强化及膜材料自清洁双重功能。本课题将通过FTIR、XPS等手段着重研究碳纳米管的改性、分散及复合；借助SEM、AFM、TEM等技术研究探讨膜材料的表面形貌及微观结构和膜孔的微观结构、形貌、大小及分布；重点研究膜过程中电化学作用机制、自清洁原理及协同效应机制，实现膜的可控制备。本课题研究成果对丰富和发展膜科学以及电化学的基础理论，为膜的水处理技术提供重要技术支撑，对改善环境、实现水质清洁具有重要的学术价值和广泛的应用前景。

膜分离过程中的膜污染问题一直是膜研究领域中最为关注的世界性难题。已成为制约膜技术大规模应用的瓶颈，是发展膜技术必须解决的关键问题。本课题针对其他改性方式存在的问题，采用了性能优异的碳纳米管材料，利用碳纳米管的高比表面积，稳定的物理化学性质，超强的力学性能和良好的电性能，将碳纳米管进行了不同方式的修饰改性。对不同种类的碳纳米管进行了分析探讨；对碳纳米管进行了一系列的修饰改性，对改性后的碳纳米管或杂化物进行了详细的分析，确定了最近的改性方式及改性条件；考察了不同官能团、不同含量、以及不同分子量的接枝聚合物对膜性能的影响。最终实现膜的有效改性，膜分离过程强化及膜材料的长效清洁功能；同时也选择了不同的聚合物材料，为丰富和发展分离膜材料的制备、膜分离过程的研究及碳纳米管材料的应用提供理论依据。膜污染 碳纳米管 接枝 亲水性 膜结构