多色AIE生色团功能化介孔材料的构筑及应用

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens functionalized mesoporous materials combine the advantages of strong luminescence and porous structures, and have drawn increasing research interest in many areas such as materials science and biomedicine. To date, most of the reported materials only emit blue light, which may suffer from the problem of cells’ auto-fluorescence. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop many more AIE luminogens functionalized mesoporous materials with high-efficiency multicolor-emission for practical applications. In this project, we synthesize AIE molecules with different emission colors and then modify them onto mesoporous materials using post-grafting method. The rigid skeleton of mesoporous materials largely restricts the AIE molecules’ intramolecular rotation, leading to the result materials highly emissive with different colors. Another strategy to develop color-tunable fluorescent materials is achieved by using blue-light-emitting AIE–silica hybrid materials as host and the organic dyes emitting yellow/red light as guest based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The emission colors of the materials can be gradually tuned from blue to red, even to white-light by adjusting the content of encapsulated dyes. And then further explore their applications in chemical detection, biomedicine, etc.

兼具高效荧光和多孔结构特性的聚集诱导发光(AIE)基团功能化介孔材料，作为一颗“新星”在材料科学和生物医学领域受到广泛关注。针对目前AIE功能化介孔材料存在的发光颜色单一、蓝色荧光易受到人体组织背景色干扰等问题，本项目以推动AIE功能化介孔材料的实用化为目标，围绕构筑高效多色的发光材料这一基础性命题展开研究。利用介孔材料的刚性骨架结构能够有效限制AIE分子内旋转的优势，通过调变修饰到介孔材料中AIE生色团的荧光颜色，制备高效的多色固体荧光材料；基于荧光能量共振转移原理，集成不同颜色的荧光生色团于介孔材料的纳米孔道内，通过协同发光获得单一激发波长下的多色发光材料，包括白光。在制备的复合材料基础上，探索其在生物医学、化学检测等方面的应用。

有机荧光染料修饰的无机多孔材料在生物医学、化学检测等方面展现良好的应用前景，然而传统染料在聚集态或者固载到固体材料时会发生荧光减弱甚至淬灭的现象，严重限制了该类材料的应用范围。本课题制备的兼具高效荧光和多孔结构特性的AIE功能化多孔材料有效克服了传统材料的缺陷。将四苯乙烯基AIE生色团分别通过后嫁接或共合成等方法与介孔纳米粒子相复合，制备了几种具有高效荧光特性的多色固体荧光材料，该类材料对抗生素和爆炸物均表现出快速的响应性。基于荧光能量共振转移（FRET）机理，以合成的蓝色AIE功能化介孔材料为载体，通过调节客体药物分子DOX与载体的比例，得到单一激发波长下不同发光颜色的材料，并依据荧光颜色变化监测药物分子的释放过程。该类材料在药物负载、pH可控释放、细胞成像、爆炸物及抗生素检测等方面展现潜在的应用价值，为下一步制备具有多模态特性的药物诊疗体系提供了重要的启示性线索。项目资助发表SCI论文9篇，撰写英文专著中一个章节，申请发明专利2项。协助培养博士生1名，已取得博士学位，硕士生4名，其中1名已取得硕士学位。项目剩余经费计划用于本项目研究后续支出。