The cereal cyst nematode (CCN) Heterodera avenae is a worldwide distributed pathogen of wheat and other cereal crops, and causes severe economic yield losses. The burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered as one of important host defense strategies. However, there is no report about generation profiles of ROS during the infection process of CCN on wheat root. In previous studies, we obtained a wheat cultivar VP1620 with high-resistance to CCN by screening more than 400 wheat candidates,and the amount of cysts on VP1620 root was only about 2.4. In this study, we plan to integrate and use the methods of different disciplines, such as plant pathology, biological chemistry, bioinformatics and molecular biology, to decipher the characteristics of ROS, including the category identification, content assay, the respective activities of ROS-production and ROS-scavenger enzymes,in order to clarify the generation profiles of ROS during CCN infection process. We plan to screen and isolate putative ROS-related resistant genes from transcriptomic data of compatible and incompatible reaction between wheat and CCN at different time points, and confirm them by qRT-PCR method, and functional characterize some important candidate genes by RNA interference (RNAi) technique. Our study will clarify the relationship of ROS homeostasis and CCN-resistance, and also provide insights into the mechanisms of ROS within the infection process of other plant-parasitic nematodes.
小麦孢囊线虫(CCN)是世界小麦产区普遍发生、严重威胁小麦生产的病原物。活性氧(ROS)迸发是寄主抵御病原物侵染的机制之一,但就小麦应答CCN侵染中ROS的产生规律尚未见报道。前期工作中,我们从400多份小麦中筛选到高抗CCN的小麦品种VP1620,其单株孢囊数仅为2.4个。本项目拟通过植物病理学、生物化学、生物信息学和分子生物学等方法,研究VP1620和感病温麦19在CCN不同侵染时期产生ROS的种类、产量、ROS形成和消除相关酶的酶活性,以揭示CCN侵染过程中ROS的产生规律。通过挖掘抗感小麦在CCN不同侵染阶段的转录组数据,获得ROS相关的抗性候选基因,并用qRT-PCR、RNAi验证其功能。本项目将揭示ROS在CCN-小麦互作中的产生规律及其与抗性之间的关系,并将为研究其他植物线虫与寄主互作中产生的ROS提供借鉴意义。
围绕活性氧ROS在抗小麦孢囊线虫CCN的作用,对抗性小麦VP1620和感病对照温麦19进行接种CCN二龄幼虫,发现CCN在抗性小麦VP1620根上形成的孢囊数量显著下降。发育进程结果表明,VP1620根内的CCN数量明显减少,而且VP1620明显抑制CCN向高龄期的发育,VP1620根内的CCN向高龄期转变的比例明显下降、速度明显变慢,从解剖学层面明确了抗性小麦在抗CCN中的作用。通过比较转录组学分析,鉴定活性氧抗性相关基因,本研究成功建立了基于表达谱鉴定抗性候选基因的模型,利用这个模型,鉴定出抗CCN的候选基因606个,其中来自抗感overlaping的基因484个,抗病小麦品种所特有的基因有122个;在484个overlaping基因中,表达谱不一致的抗性候选基因有302个,比例近70%,表达谱虽然相似,但表达量显著差异的候选基因有182个,比例约30%,在候选基因鉴定中是一个重要的补充,更加全面地将可能的候选基因筛选鉴定出来。发现磷脂酶Phospholipase D1/2(PLD1/2)参与多个抗病相关信号途径或者代谢过程,研究还发现与PLD1/2密切相关的活性氧ROS迸发也参与早期的抗小麦孢囊线虫中,明确了磷脂酶在抗小麦孢囊线虫过程中的关键作用。鉴定出抗病品种VP1620中在24h、3d和8d任一时间点上调的活性氧ROS相关基因共31个,包括第III类过氧化物酶(Class_III_peroxidase)基因13个、谷胱甘肽-s-转移酶(Glutathione-s-transferase)基因8个、脂氧合酶(Lipoxygenase)基因7个、抗坏血酸氧化酶(Ascorbate_oxidase)、NADPH氧化酶(NADPH_oxidase)和多胺氧化酶(Polyamine_oxidase)基因各1个。活性氧ROS含量测试结果表明,在CCN侵染小麦24h有个明显的活性氧迸发,表明活性氧参与早期的抗病反应,qRT-PCR结果表明脂氧合酶(Lipoxygenase, LOX)和第III类过氧化物酶(Class_III_peroxidase, POX)两类基因受CCN诱导上调表达,可能是活性氧ROS含量上升的主要原因。建立了BSMV-VIGS基因功能研究平台。项目研究结果将为研究其他植物线虫与寄主互作中产生的活性氧提供借鉴意义。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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