大直径半导体碳纳米管单一手性结构宏量分离及性能研究

Bulk separation of single-chirality carbon nanotubes is a paramount prereqiusite for the intrinsic property study and application of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in opto-electronic devices, bio-imaging and energy security etc. In the past 20 years,scientists have been persuing the achievement of single-chirality carbon nanotubes.Until Recently, several techniques have been reported for sorting out several distinct (n, m) single-chirality species with diameters less than 1.1 nm from a SWCNT mixture individually dispersed in aqueous solution, but the single-chirality separation of larger-diameter semiconducting SWCNTs still remains an challenge, which is the bottleneck problem of the property study and application of SWCNTs. In this project, we will explore the techniques for single-chirality separation of large-diameter semiconducting SWCNTs (>1.1 nm) based on the practical separation experiences of small-diameter semiconducting SWCNTs (<1.1 nm) with gel chromatography.By this project, we expect to establish a simple, high-efficiency, low-cost and easy auto-bulk separation method and clarify the separation mechanism, realizing single-chirality separation of disntinct (n, m) SWCNTs in a wide structure range at a large-scale. We would investigate the properties of macroscopic ensembles of single-chirality large-diameter semiconducting SWCNTs, and discover their functional characteristics and potential applications, promoting the basic research and industrial applications of carbon nanotubes.

宏量制备单一手性碳纳米管是研究碳纳米管性质及其在光电子器件、生物成像及能源安全等领域应用的前提条件。过去20多年来，科学家们一直致力于制备单一手性结构的碳纳米管。然而直到最近才有研究报道通过碳纳米管的水溶液分散处理，能够分离出多种直径小于1.1纳米的单一手性半导体碳纳米管。对于大直径半导体碳纳米管的单一手性分离仍然比较困难，已成为碳纳米管性质和应用研究的瓶颈。本申请项目拟以申请人凝胶色谱法高效分离小直径（<1.1 nm）半导体碳纳米管单一手性结构的工艺为基础，探索适用于大直径（>1.1 nm）半导体碳纳米管单一手性结构分离的途径；建立简单，高效，低成本，易于自动化宏量分离的方法；弄清分离机制；实现较宽结构范围各种单一手性碳纳米管的宏量分离；研究单一手性大直径半导体碳纳米管的宏观物理性质；进而揭示其功能特性和潜在应用价值，推动碳纳米管的研发和应用。

高纯半导体碳纳米管结构的高效分离是碳纳米管性质研究和应用的关键。本项目研究探测了不同分子与碳纳米管之间选择性作用规律，阐明了碳纳米管与凝胶之间的作用机制，针对不同结构碳纳米管建立了不同的分子调控技术，这些分子包括乙醇、NaOH、盐酸、多种复合表面活性剂分子，不仅实现了直径大于1.2 nm的高纯半导体碳纳米管的分离，而且分离制备出了多种手性富集的大直径半导体碳纳米管。在此基础上，我们将碳纳米管手性结构的分离从0.7 -1.1 nm推进到了1.7 nm。建立了碳纳米管的自动化分离装置，通过实验方案和参数的优化，实现了半导体碳纳米管、单一手性碳纳米管及其镜像体的宏量制备。提出了碳纳米管少缺陷分散模式，减少了碳纳米管分散过程缺陷的引入。同时还发展了碳纳米管取向薄膜的制备技术，设计了有机/无机复合介电层，提高了碳纳米管晶体管的性能。利用分离的手性富集半导体碳纳米管，研究制备了三维碳纳米管光电集成系统。进一步我们还研究了碳纳米管薄膜的热电性质，并制备了高性能热电模块，同时探索了利用碳纳米管薄膜制备高性能可拉伸超级电容器。目前为止，共发表学术论文14篇，申请专利7项，授权1项，国内外学术邀请报告11次，培养博士生3人，硕士生2人，出站博士后1人，在读博士生4人，硕士生2人。