电动汽车机电飞轮混动系统能量优化管理与状态切换协调控制

In order to expand the high-efficiency operation of electric vehicle, an electromechanical hybrid system based on flywheel and pure electric system with high energy conversion efficiency is presented and studied. Since the multi-power configuration, the multi-coupling system and the interactional energy of the electromechanical hybrid system are all very complicated, the problems of system dynamic characteristics and decoupled coordination control still remain to be solved. Therefore, theoretical, numerical and experimental study on the energy optimization management and state-switch coordination control of the electromechanical hybrid system is carried out. The complex system dynamic model is established based on the analysis of the multi-source and two-way energy flow and the dynamic characteristics of the electromechanical system. The time-frequency characteristics of load and its influence on vehicle energy efficiency are studied, the energy management strategy applicable to different loads is developed. For the coordination control of the electromechanical system during multi-state switch, the process energy efficiency and the dynamic coupling characteristics are studied, the adaptive back-step sliding mode control strategy is proposed. The results will achieve the high-efficiency energy management and the smooth power switch of the electromechanical hybrid system. This fundamental study enriches and develops the energy management and coordination control theories of electric vehicle. It has a significant influence on the technological advance of electric vehicle.

为拓展电动汽车高效运行工况范围，提出并研究一类基于飞轮与电驱动的高效机电混动系统，针对此类具有多动力混合结构、多系统耦合约束以及多源能量交互影响特征的复杂机电系统能量优化管理与状态切换协调控制问题，课题拟采用理论分析、数值模拟和试验相结合的方法，深入研究机电系统动态特性与多源双向能量流特征规律、工况负载时频特性及其对系统能效影响规律，以及多状态切换过程系统过程能效及动力动态耦合规律，构建复杂机电系统动力学模型，制定基于工况解耦的高效能量管理策略和基于自适应反演滑模的协调控制方法，实现机电飞轮混动系统的能量高效耦合与动力平顺切换。最终形成一类机电飞轮混动电动汽车能效优化理论与协调控制方法，对丰富和发展电动汽车能量管理与协调控制理论、推动电动汽车的技术进步具有重要的科学意义。

具有高能量转换效率和高功率密度优势的飞轮储能技术正得到汽车行业的广泛关注。将储能飞轮设计为电动汽车辅助能源动力系统，可为电动汽车的能量高效利用提供更大优化空间。本项目以机电式飞轮储能系统为研究对象，首先，揭示了飞轮SOE对系统效率影响规律，建立了基于SOE的系统效率模型，搭建了整车系统动力学仿真平台。其次，基于行星齿轮工作原理，分析了6种电机-飞轮-输出拓扑结构下系统的性能特征，确定了太阳轮-电机、齿圈-飞轮以及行星架-输出的机电式飞轮混动装置。基于整车性能设计需要，优化设计了机电式飞轮混动装置、主驱电机与传动机构参数。然后，依据整车混合动力系统拓扑结构特征，设计了整车15种工作模式，并制定与与之相匹配的能量策略。进一步，针对整车模式切换冲击度问题，设计了三因素多水平试验表，揭示了模式切换冲击度关键影响因素、产生机理，提出了转矩协调控制方法。最后，搭建了硬件在环测试平台与实验样车并进行了验证，分析了不同循环工况下整车动力性与经济性。. 项目通过深入开展基于机电式飞轮储能系统集成设计与控制问题，解决系统面向工程化应用过程急需解决的飞轮-电机-行星齿轮多系统耦合问题以及机械-电气-控制多学科交叉难题，对于拓宽电动汽车高效运行工况范围，服务新能源汽车产业发展具有重要的现实意义和应用价值。. 该项目发表论文13篇（均标注基金号），其中SCI检索论文2篇，EI检索8篇。申请发明专利25件 ，其中授权5项，完成成果转化1项；出版国家级学术专著1部。依托该项目，项目负责人入选山东省高等学校青创科技计划创新团队带头人 、山东理工大学“双百人才”工程。该项目培养博士生和硕士生6人，其中博士生1人。