中国蟾蜍科两栖动物多样性调查、分类和系统演化研究

The Bufonidae toads are extensively distributed in the world （except Australia and Madgaska） due to their strong adaptive ability. The distribution and evolution patern of Bufonid may fully reflect the historical process of the geological, geographical and climatic environmental changes of the world and related areas.China, as the broad and special location, is the key area for study the evolution of Bufonids in Eurasia and its disperse and evolute into Asia. However, the biodiversity of Bufonidae in China is still not completely recognized by now, and needs further extensively and densely field expeditions and classification researches, then take it as the base, to proceed a complehensively and densely research on the classification, phylogeny and evolutionary mechanisms of the bufonids of China by the conmbined methods of morphology, ecology, cytology and molecular, so as to clarify the taxonomical status and generic belongs of each species, make sure the biodiversity and its distribution paterns, inquire the systematical evolutionary positions of the different species and species-groups of the Bufonids of China in the whole Bufonidae family, and their initiating, spreading, adapting, dividing and systemtic evolving in the different areas of China, especially the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau，Trans-Himalaya and their adjacent areas， analyse the process and mechnisms of species evolution and the related natural historical backgrounds of geology, geography and climatic environments. Then take the phylogenetic evultion of Bufonid toads as a sample, study the regular rules of the Laulasia (Northern Hemisphere) originated species groups which disperse and evolve in the Eurasia and into the Asia，and the rules of the origination, formation and evolution of the species and species groups in the southwestern China, particularly the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Trans-Himalaya and their surrounding areas.

蟾蜍科Bufonidae是世界性分布的两栖动物类群，其分布和演化格局的形成能充分反映全球及各分布区地质、地理和气候环境演变的自然历史背景和过程。广阔而特殊的地理位置决定了我国是研究蟾蜍科在欧亚大陆及向亚洲演化的关键地区。然而，目前对我国蟾蜍类物种多样性的认识还不全面，需要进一步广泛深入的野外调查和分类研究，并以此为基础，进而结合形态、生态、细胞和分子等综合手段，进行系统的分类、演化和进化机理研究。从而澄清物种分类及归属，明确物种多样性及其分布格局；探讨我国蟾蜍科不同物种及类群在整个蟾蜍科系统演化中的地位及其在我国不同地理区域环境中的起源、扩散、适应、分化和系统演化，尤其青藏高原、横断山及邻近地区；分析物种系统演化的过程、机制及相应的地质地理和气候环境等自然历史背景。并以蟾蜍类演化为模型，探讨北半球物种类群在欧亚及向亚洲扩散和演化的规律，以及青藏高原、横断山及周边地区物种类群形成演化规律。

蟾蜍科Bufonidae是世界性分布的两栖动物类群，其分布和演化格局的形成能充分反映全球及各分布区地质、地理和气候环境演变的自然历史背景和过程。广阔而特殊的地理位置决定了我国是研究蟾蜍科在欧亚大陆及向亚洲演化的关键地区。.本项目通过进一步广泛深入系统的野外调查和分类研究，进一步了解了我国蟾蜍类的物种多样性组成、分类和分布状况，澄清了我国蟾蜍类物种的分类地位、归属及分布格局，并发现了若干（至少3个）新分类阶元，包括、新亚种、新种和新属，了解了其生态和生物学行为、习性生境，并以此为基础，进而结合形态、生态、细胞和分子等综合手段，进行系统的分类、演化和进化机理研究，探讨了我国蟾蜍科不同物种及类群在整个蟾蜍科系统演化中的地位及其在我国不同地理区域环境中的起源、扩散、适应、分化和系统演化，尤其青藏高原、横断山及邻近地区；分析了物种系统演化的过程、机制及相应的地质地理和气候环境等自然历史背景。并以蟾蜍类演化为模型，探讨了北半球物种类群在欧亚及向亚洲扩散和演化的规律，以及青藏高原、横断山及周边地区物种类群形成演化规律。