煤自燃诱发瓦斯爆炸的热动力灾害演化特性与危险性辨识研究

According to the serious accidents of gas explosion caused by coal spontaneous combustion in recent 10 years, and combination of the mutual incentive, complex and unexpected features between coal spontaneous combustion and gas disasters, this project will study gas emission characteristics and accumulation rules in the fire area environment, and the relationship between environmental parameters and mixed gas explosion characteristics, so as to master the rules and influencing factors of gas explosions in fire environment. The thermodynamic characteristic and physical and chemical conditions for transforming of combustion and explosion caused by methane in the fire area environment will be investigated. The characteristics and laws and law of gas explosion induced by the time and space coupling characteristics of temperature field, gas concentration field and pressure field will also be studied. All these will be done to reveal the evolution process and characteristics of thermodynamic disaster due to gas explosion in the fire area environment. The extraction methods of key characteristic parameters including ambient temperature, pressure and gas component in the fire area environment will be researched. The occurrence conditions for gas explosion and determinant theory for spatial range and time interval will also be investigated. We will establish identification methods for gas explosion risks in fire districts caused by spontaneous combustion of coal, and build corresponding forewarning index systems. Through the investigation of this project, ultimately essence of compound disasters concerning spontaneous combustion and gas underground coal mine shall be uncovered. The achievements can provide very significantly theoretical and practical significance for safe and efficient mining, sealing and opening the fire districts safely in highly gaseous mine with coal seams prone spontaneous combustion.

针对近10年来多次发生由煤炭自燃诱发瓦斯爆炸的重、特大事故，结合煤矿井下煤自燃与瓦斯灾害互为诱因、复杂多变及突发性的特点，本项目研究煤矿井下煤自燃火灾环境瓦斯涌出特性及积聚规律、CH4、CO等混合气体的可爆炸特性与环境特征参数之间的关系，掌握火区环境瓦斯爆炸的规律及影响因素；研究火区环境瓦斯等可燃可爆气体燃烧与爆炸的热动力特征及转化的物理化学条件，温度场、气体浓度场、压力场时空耦合特征诱发瓦斯爆炸的特点及规律，揭示火区环境瓦斯爆炸的热动力灾害演化过程及特性；研究火区环境温度、压力、气体组分等关键特征参数的提取方法以及瓦斯爆炸发生的条件、空间范围与时间间隔的判定理论，构建煤自燃火区环境瓦斯爆炸危险性的辨识方法及预警指标体系。通过本项目的研究，最终揭示煤矿井下煤自燃与瓦斯复合型灾害的本质。项目研究成果对高瓦斯易自燃煤层矿井的安全高效开采及安全封闭与启封火区具有十分重要的理论与现实意义。

本项目研究了煤矿井下煤自燃火灾环境瓦斯爆炸的影响因素。开展了含瓦斯条件下的煤自燃特性的研究，揭示了含瓦斯风流条件下煤自燃氧化产物生成的初始温度、生成量的变化规律；研究了煤自燃火灾环境多元混合气体的爆炸特性，获取了煤自燃环境多元混合气体瓦斯爆炸浓度极限、最大爆炸压力等关键参数，数值模拟分析了CH4+Air+CO、CH4+Air+ C2H4和CH4+Air+ CO+C2H4体系爆炸压力、反应物浓度及爆炸产物浓度的变化规律，指出了煤自燃火灾环境中的C2H4气体是促进瓦斯爆炸的关键组分，为煤矿井下火区环境瓦斯爆炸的防治提供了理论基础。.研究了煤矿井下煤自燃火灾环境瓦斯爆炸的热动力学演化特性。构建并优化了采空区三维物理模型，研究了不同通风状态条件下采空区温度场、压力场以及瓦斯浓度场的分布规律，揭示了采空区煤自燃火灾环境瓦斯的运移规律与积聚特性，为采空区煤自燃与瓦斯协同防治提供了理论依据。.研究了煤矿井下煤自燃火灾环境瓦斯爆炸的危险性辨识。构建了煤矿井下火灾环境瓦斯爆炸的数学模型，开展了CFD数值模拟研究，揭示了采空区煤自燃火区环境的流场分布特征；提出了采空区煤自燃诱发瓦斯爆炸判定条件，量化分析了进风侧与回风侧火区存在条件下的煤自燃区域、瓦斯可爆范围、煤自燃与瓦斯耦合灾害区域分布特征，实现了对采空区煤自燃诱发瓦斯爆炸危险区域的精准识别。.项目研究成果对高瓦斯易自燃煤层矿井的安全高效开采及安全封闭与启封火区具有十分重要的理论与现实意义。在国内外学术期刊上发表学术论文18篇（SCI收录15篇，EI收录2篇）；授权美国等国际发明专利3项、中国发明专利4项；多次参加国际学术会议并作大会报告，培养毕业研究生4人。