水质预警中斑马鱼异常行为成因与内在调节机制研究

The high false alarm rate is the bottleneck of the development of water quality warning technology based on fish behavioral responses. The unknown cause of zebrafish abnormal behavior is the major source of the false alarm. The study uses zebrafish as research animal. Based on the sufficient knowledge of the abnormal behavioral characteristics of zebrafish after chemical exposure, research on the cause of the abnormal behavior of zebrafish in water quality early-warning system and its internal regulation mechanism will be carried out. The sensitivity characteristics of abnormal behavior will be extracted to help analysis the behavioral responses of zebrafish after chemical exposure. If zebrafish behavior showed abnormal in water quality warning system, acute physical factor stimulation will be stressed in zebrafish. The variation of stress behavioral responses between chemical exposure and other reason is revealed, which will be used to recognize the reason that causes zabrafish behavior abnormal. The relationship among cortisol level, chemical exposure and behavioral responses of zebrafish by acute stress will be discussed, providing theorical basis for the application of physical factor stress in early-warning system. Then, the water quality early warning model with abnormal behavior recognition will be established. This study can offer reference for improve the accuracy and stability of water quality warning system, and is beneficial for the development and application of the early-warning system for biological monitoring of water quality.

误报警率高是限制基于鱼类行为响应的水质预警技术发展的瓶颈，而鱼类异常行为成因不明是目前导致系统误报的主要原因。本项目以斑马鱼为研究对象，在充分掌握化学品暴露下斑马鱼异常行为特征的基础上，开展基于物理因子胁迫识别斑马鱼异常行为成因及内在调节机制研究。结合敏感性指标的变化，揭示斑马鱼行为对化学品暴露的响应规律；利用物理因子胁迫水质预警中出现异常行为的斑马鱼，分析应激行为强度用于识别异常行为成因；阐明急性暴露过程中斑马鱼机体皮质醇水平与化学品暴露、物理因子胁迫间的关系，为基于物理因子胁迫识别斑马鱼异常行为的方法提供理论支持；最终，建立具有报警检验功能的水质预警模型。研究成果可为提高水质预警系统的准确性和稳定性提供新方法，对水质生物预警技术的发展具有重要理论意义和工程实用价值。

为解决因斑马鱼异常行为导致的水质预警系统误报警率高的问题，本项目系统研究了其异常行为成因及其控制方法。采用EthoVision XT软件精准追踪斑马鱼的行为轨迹，优化监测设备及监测环境，并甄选出敏感性指标用于表征斑马鱼的行为特征；系统研究声音、光照等物理因子刺激下斑马鱼应激反应的基本特征，明确了各因子的最佳参数范围，并提出了“双选”斑马鱼的方法，有效降低了斑马鱼个体差异对实验的影响；进一步对比典型污染物暴露下斑马鱼应对物理因子的二次胁迫应答能力的差异，利用趋光率、应激反应强度等敏感指标，建立具有应激检验模块的水质预警系统，有效地提升系统预警的稳定性。通过建立斑马鱼机体皮质醇激素水平与化学品暴露、物理因子胁迫间的相关关系，证明其应激行为反应与鱼体内在响应紧密相关，为基于生物行为变化的水质在线监测技术提供理论支持。