基于吸附-催化协同作用机制的甲基汞纳米电化学分析

Methylmercury is one of the most important pollutants in the environment. In order to screen and control the pollution of methylmercury in time, it is one of the most challenging problems in the field of environmental analytical chemistry to realize the rapid and low-cost detection of methylmercury. In this project, a nano-electrochemical system for the detection of methylmercury in water environment was constructed based on the synergistic action of adsorption and catalysis. The research contents mainly include: Design and synthesis of functionalized transition metal oxide and noble metal nanocomposites; Constructing nanomaterials based interface for electrochemical detection of methylmercury; Revealing the intrinsic relationship between sensitive nanocomposites and electrochemical behavior of methylmercury; Clarifying the adsorption and enrichment of methylmercury on the sensitive nano-interface, and electrochemical oxidation and reduction process of methylmercury; Establishing electrochemical method for detection of methylmercury in actual water, and then fabricating devices based on the corresponding principles. It is expected that the research results will provide technical support for on-site rapid detection of methylmercury in the environment.

甲基汞是环境中的重要污染物之一，为了及时筛查并控制甲基汞污染，如何实现甲基汞的现场快速低成本检测是环境分析化学中富有挑战的难题之一。本项目拟构筑基于吸附-催化协同作用的检测实际水环境甲基汞的纳米电化学体系。通过设计并合成功能化的过渡金属氧化物-贵金属纳米敏感复合材料，研发甲基汞检测的纳米电化学敏感界面构筑方法，揭示纳米复合敏感材料的结构特征与甲基汞电化学行为之间的内在关联性，阐明甲基汞在纳米敏感界面上的吸附富集-催化氧化还原的响应过程，建立实际水环境中甲基汞检测的纳米电化学分析方法，并研发相应的原理性器件。预期研究成果将为环境中甲基汞污染物的现场快速检测提供技术支撑。

甲基汞等有毒形态重金属污染物是典型的环境污染，纳米电化学分析方法是实现有毒形态重金属污染物的现场、快速、低成本检测手段之一。本项目主要构筑了多种针对甲基汞的纳米电化学敏感界面，结合X射线光电子能谱分析等手段阐明甲基汞在纳米敏感界面上的吸附富集-催化氧化还原的敏感机制，探索了常见共存无机离子干扰的消除方法，建立了实际水环境中甲基汞污染定性与定量分析的纳米电化学分析方法；同时，本项目还将吸附-催化协同作用机制应用于构筑多种重金属污染物分析的纳米电化学敏感界面，并对其实际应用效果进行了初步评价。这些研究成果将为水环境中甲基汞等有毒形态重金属的分析提供了重要的理论参考与技术支撑。相关成果相关在Analytica Chimica Acta、Electrochimica Acta、Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering等国际期刊发表相关学术论文12篇，中文期刊学术论文4篇；申请发明专利9项，已授权4项；培养博士研究生1名，硕士研究生10名。