Our project proposes a low-loss polarization-independent optical switch, which can transform the state on the time-bin degree of freedom to the path degree of freedom coherently without destroying the polarization information. We first use this optical switch in quantum communication. In the transmission channel, quantum information is encoded in the time-bin degree of freedom while operation and measurement are implemented on the path degree of freedom. In between, the optical switch acts as the interface to transform one degree of freedom to the other coherently, which makes it possible to enjoy merits of both degrees of freedom. As the second application, our optical switch is used to increase the generation efficiency of multi-photon polarization-entangled states. As two independent photons with independent birth time are needed to interfere to be entangled, the preparation rate of multi-photon polarization-entangled states is very low. We put one photon in a cavity and actively controls its delay in the cavity via our optical switch. This photon leaves the cavity until the other photon is generated so that they can interfere, thus increasing the preparation efficiency of multi-photon polarization-entangled states.
本项目提出和实现一种低损耗偏振无关的光开关装置,该装置可以在保持偏振信息不丢失的情况下把光子的时间自由度(time-bin)相干转化为路径自由度。首先我们将这种偏振无关的光开关装置用与量子通信中,传输时采用time-bin自由度,操作和测量端在路径自由度完成,我们的光开关作为两个自由度的接口,实现time-bin量子比特到路径量子比特的相干转换,这样就能同时具备两个自由度的优点。其次,我们用该光开关提高多光子偏振纠缠量子态的制备效率。由于当前多光子纠缠态的制备需要两对独立光子的干涉,而他们产生时间随机,干涉几率低。我们将一个光子放入腔内,通过低损耗偏振无关光开关主动控制该光子在腔内的延时,直到另一个光子产生才从腔内放出,这样就能提高这两个光子干涉的几率,从而提高多光子偏振纠缠态的制备效率。
光子的多个自由度上可以加载量子信息,时间自由度加载信息可以不受干扰,适于传输,但是不宜操作;路径和偏振自由度上易于操作,但是易受干扰。本项目为了充分利用这些自由度的优势,回避它们的不足,通过实现一种低损耗偏振无关的光开关装置,在保持偏振信息不丢失的情况下把光子的时间自由度(time-bin)相干转化为路径自由度,并应用于解决time-bin量子通信测量后选择问题和多光子纠缠源制备低效率问题。具体成果如下:(1)实现低损耗偏振无关的光开关,损耗从传统1-3dB降低为0.2dB,time-bin比特到路径比特的偏振无关相干转换保真度高达0.947。(2)将该光开关应用到time-bin纠缠分发任务中,解决了time-bin测量中的后选择问题,在实验上演示了无后选择漏洞的贝尔不等式检验。(3)将该光开关用于实现纠缠态的时间复用,指数提高2n对多光子纠缠态制备效率,在四光子纠缠态制备实验中展示了光开关6.43倍提高能力,这个能力用于12光子纠缠态,可以提高10000倍效率。在国内外著名期刊发表研究论文9篇,其中Physical Review Letters(3篇),Science Advances(1篇),Physical Review Applied(3篇)。项目执行期间项目负责人获得国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金以及安徽省杰出青年基金资助,另外培养研究毕业生1名。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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