Polyhalogenatedcarbazoles (PHCs) are a group of organic pollutants and they are becoming the forefront and hotspots of environmental science recently. The sources of PHCs in the environment are multiply which include anthropogenic activities and natural processes and they are difficult to be distinguished. To solve the issues of PHCs distributions and sources in multi-medium, this project will focus on the interphase distributions of PHCs in the water-sediment-organism system of coastal wetlands. A new method to analyze trace PHCs in water-sediment-organism multi-medium samples will be built. The PHCs concentrations and distributions of the Dagu River wetland, Qingdao will be investigated and studied as a case. Based on the analysis of the standardized organic carbon apparent distribution coefficient between water and sediment, the PHCs adsorption capacity of sediment could be discovered. The PHCs bioaccumulation capacity will be investigated using the distribution data between water and organism. As an artificial PHCs source, the Dagu River will be compared with a first-class water source protected area. The PHCs chromatograms (fingerprints) will be built to trace the PHCs sources. The result could provide fundamental data for further researches on the transport, transformation, sink of PHCs and ecological risk assessment in coastal wetlands. It could also be a guideline for PHCs treatment and control in the future.
新型有机污染物卤代咔唑(PHCs)的研究正逐渐成为环境科学领域的前沿热点。环境介质中的PHCs来源复杂,包括人类活动产生的和自然界本身产生的,难以区分。基于滨海湿地多介质间PHCs分布特征和来源的科学问题,本项目以滨海湿地中PHCs在水-沉积物-生物体之间的相间分配为研究重点,建立多介质复杂机体中PHCs的痕量分析方法,开展对青岛大沽河滨海湿地的水、沉积物和生物体内PHCs的浓度水平和分布特征的研究。通过PHCs在水相/沉积物相之间的有机碳标化表观分配系数评估沉积物对PHCs的吸附能力;通过PHCs在水相/生物相之间的生物富集因子探讨其生物富集能力;以一级水源地保护区作为自然源对照区,采用PHCs组分浓度特征图(指纹图)技术,辨析PHCs的污染来源。研究成果可为PHCs在滨海湿地多介质中的迁移、转化、归趋研究和生态风险评价提供基础数据,对未来PHCs的削减和控制具有重要意义。
卤代咔唑(PHCZs)是一类新型有机污染物,具有潜在生物毒性、累积性和持久性,在滨海湿地水、沉积物、生物体之间的分布特征和相间分配尚不明确。为此,本项目建立了多介质复杂机体中PHCZs的痕量分析方法,检测了青岛大沽河滨海湿地浅层地表水、沉积物和生物体内PHCZs的浓度,探索其来源,评估了沉积物对PHCZs的吸附能力和生物对PHCZs的富集能力,并对PHCZs在各介质中的生态风险进行了评价。研究发现,大沽河表层水和沉积物样品中CZ和12种PHCZs均有检出,其主要来源可能是自然源,少数高浓度点位存在人为污染。浅层地表水和沉积物间CZ和PHCZs的logKoc范围高于东海地区,表明研究区域PHCZs与沉积物结合力比东海地区强。青岛大沽河滨海湿地浅层地表水、沉积物的TEQ PHCZs低于安全沉积物的TEQ值,生态风险不高;但比太湖沉积物TEQ PHCZs要高,需要持续关注其毒性风险。生物样品的数据正在处理中,初步分析结果显示CZ和PHCZs的logBAF值随logKOW值的增加而显著增加,浮游动物-虾-鱼食物链中CZ和PHCZs存在潜在生物放大作用,青岛大沽河滨海湿地生物中TEQPHCZs低于旧金山湾生物组织和美国五大湖鱼类中的TEQPHCZs值,但是水生环境中某些生物体对PHCZs的生物累积也可能导致更高的TEQ水平,PHCZs对生物体的潜在风险不容忽视。为了解决上述研究过程中发现的一些新问题,还开展了大沽河滨海湿地沉积物中细菌群落的空间分布及其影响因素、模拟海水中微塑料对3,6-BCZ和1,3,6,8-BCZ的吸附、东北三省农田土壤PHCZs的分布特征及生态风险评价三个分支研究,起到了很好的辅助作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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