基于氧化方式选择性抑制黄铜矿的铜钼浮选分离基础研究

Due to the relative high cost and toxicity of chalcopyrite depressants, it of great significance to develop an environment-friendly and economical method to enlarge the wettability difference between molybdenite and chalcopyrite, with the purpose of realizing the effective flotation separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. In the proposed project, the hypothesis was made that the surface wettability of molybdenite and chalcopyrite could be adjusted through oxidation to achieve the selective depression of chalcopyrite in the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. In this work, various characterization techniques, such as in-situ observation of atomic force microscopy and others will be used to investigate the effect of oxidation on the wettability of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. And XPS analysis and Zeta potential measurement will be applied to reveal the oxidation mechanism of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. In addition, the adsorption behavior of non-polar oil on the oxidized surface of chalcopyrite and molybdenite will be investigated by means of hydrophobic adhesion force measurement and atomic force microscopy observation from a micro perspective, further expanding the wettability difference between chalcopyrite and molybdenite. Finally, the flotation test will be carried out to verify the effectiveness of oxidation on the separation of molybdenite and chalcopyrite. In this work, the relation among oxidation products, wettability and floatability will be established, which will provide a novel ideal for the effective flotation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite.

针对黄铜矿抑制剂成本偏高、毒性较大的问题，开发一种环境友好、成本低廉的方式增大辉钼矿和黄铜矿表面润湿性差异，对实现铜钼的有效浮选分离具有重要的意义。本研究假设通过氧化方式可调节辉钼矿和黄铜矿表面润湿性以实现铜钼分离过程中黄铜矿的选择性抑制。本研究拟使用原子力显微镜原位观察等多种技术系统地研究氧化对辉钼矿和黄铜矿表面润湿性的影响；并利用X射线光电子能谱分析和Zeta电位测量等多种表征手段揭示辉钼矿和黄铜矿的氧化机理；在此基础上，通过疏水粘附力的测量和原子力显微镜的观察从微观角度研究非极性油在氧化辉钼矿和黄铜矿表面的吸附行为，进一步扩大两者表面润湿性的差异；并通过浮选试验验证氧化对铜钼分离的效果。研究工作将建立黄铜矿和辉钼矿表面氧化产物、润湿性和可浮性之间的内在联系，为铜钼有效浮选分离提供一个新的思路。

铜钼有效分离是选矿界的重大难题。传统的黄铜矿抑制剂存在选择性差、成本高、毒性大的问题，因此开发一种环境友好、成本低廉的方式扩大辉钼矿和黄铜矿表面润湿性差异，对实现铜钼的有效浮选分离具有重要的意义。本研究系统地研究了氧化对黄铜矿和辉钼矿可浮性的影响，并利用原子力显微镜、拉曼光谱仪，X射线光电子能谱仪和Zeta电位仪等表征手段详细地研究氧化机理，并在此基础上研究了氧化对铜钼浮选分离的影响。研究结果表明，适当的氧化能有效调控黄铜矿和辉钼矿表面的润湿性，能够在不使用黄铜矿抑制剂条件下实现铜钼有效浮选分离。研究表明在适当条件下，氧化使得黄铜矿表面生成亲水性的CuO, Cu(OH)2, Fe2O3和Fe(OH)3等产物覆盖在其表面而使其亲水受到抑制，辉钼矿表面生成可溶于水的氧化产物，这些氧化产物溶于水后辉钼矿在煤油体系中恢复可浮性。本研究揭示了辉钼矿和黄铜矿可浮性、表面润湿性和表面氧化产物之间的内在联系，为基于氧化的铜钼分离基础研究提供了理论基础，也为铜钼有效浮选分离提供一个新的方法和思路，另外。与传统抑制剂相比，氧化具有环境友好、成本低廉等优势，具有较好的应用前景。