聚苯乙烯微球负载型磷腈碱催化剂的构筑及对开环聚合的催化性能研究

The polymerization of organocatalysts can meet the requirement of many research fields, such as biomedical engineering, microelectronic devices or food packing, due to the absence of metal and low toxicity. It has become one of the most important directions in polymer chemistry. Phosphazene-based catalyst is highly efficient for ring-opening polymerization. The current problem is limited species, high cost and difficult separation that limit various applications. Thus, in this proposal, polystyrene resin –loaded phosphazene catalysts will be synthesized for ring-opening polymerizations of epoxides and cyclic esters. We will systematically study the influence of the types of phosphazene catalysts and polystyrene resin on properties of catalysts, and the kinetics of polymerization under different reaction conditions. We will focus on the efficiency of recycling and separation of the catalysts. We hope that the polystyrene resin –loaded phosphazene catalysts are highly effective、recoverable and reusable. The project will provide new ideas for the development of efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable polymerization catalytic systems.

有机分子催化的聚合反应由于不涉及金属元素，毒性低，可以满足生物医用、微电子和食品包装等领域对高分子材料的要求，已经发展成为高分子化学的一个重要方向。磷腈碱催化剂是一种高活性的开环聚合催化剂。目前该领域存在的问题是磷腈碱种类少、价格昂贵且难以从聚合物中分离，极大的限制了其大规模应用。为了解决该难题，本项目拟设计合成聚苯乙烯微球负载型磷腈碱催化剂，并应用于环氧单体和环酯类单体的开环聚合中。系统研究负载型磷腈碱种类、聚苯乙烯载体对催化性能的影响，同时考察不同反应条件下的聚合反应动力学，重点研究负载型磷腈碱催化剂的循环利用效率。该项目将实现负载型磷腈碱催化剂的高效催化与回收利用，为发展高效、环保和可持续的聚合催化体系提供新思路。

脂肪族聚酯材料因其优良的生物降解性和生物相容性，是一类具有发展前景的环境友好高分子材料。但是因均相催化剂难以从聚合体系中分离，残留的催化剂会导致聚酯材料生物毒性增加，限制聚酯在生物医用与微电子领域的应用。为了解决催化剂残留问题，本项目成功构筑了一系列新型的聚苯乙烯微球负载型磷腈碱催化剂，实现了生物降解聚酯高分子材料的制备。负载型催化剂可以回收并循环使用5-6次后活性没有降低。本项目为今后负载型催化剂的设计及其生物降解聚酯的合成提供理论依据和实验基础。