The study of hydrocarbon source correlation using inorganic element geochemistry under complex conditions is one of the frontier fields of petroleum geology and geochemistry. However, due to the complexity of the process of hydrocarbon generation, migration, accumulation and dysmigration, the mechanism, rule, validity and applicability of this methodology are not well understood. This results in the limited application of this method, forming a critical issue. This study represents a pilot investigation of element geochemistry during the primary stage of the process, i.e., hydrocarbon generation and evolution. We focus on the transition metal elements and systematically compare these elements of the different components (bulk rocks, kerogen and inorganic minerals) of source rock, the solid residues of different evolution stages of source rock generation, and the oils of different maturities. Based on these results, the distribution and evolution characteristics of the elements and their occurrence ways are identified, and the element geochemistry in the process of hydrocarbon generation and evolution is ascertained. The transition metal elements and their associated parameters and/or partitioning patterns, which are not affected by the process of hydrocarbon generation and generation, are selected as potential good indicators of hydrocarbon source correlation. The effectiveness of transition metal elements in hydrocarbon source correlation is interpreted from the mechanism. A comprehensive comparison of similar research results is conducted to understand the applicability of this methodology. Finally, this study is expected to achieve the goal of deepening the frontier research on inorganic geochemical of hydrocarbon accumulation and formation, which is thought to have important significances of basic theory and practical application.
复杂烃源对比无机元素地球化学研究是当前油气地质地球化学领域的前缘,但因元素在油气生-运-聚-散过程中分配和赋存的复杂性,使得其机理和规律不很清楚,限制了应用(有效性和适用性),是领域研究的难点。本项申请,拟聚焦影响元素地球化学行为的初始环节,即油气成烃演化过程,开展探索研究。针对过渡族金属微量元素,全面系统对比烃源岩不同组分(全岩、干酪根和无机矿物)、成烃演化产物(热模拟不同演化阶段固体残渣),以及不同成熟度原油的元素组成,明确元素的分配与演化特征,以及赋存方式,查明油气成烃演化过程中元素的继承性和地球化学行为。遴选不受油气成烃过程影响,具有继承性的元素及其参数和/或配分模式,即是潜在的烃源对比良好指标,从机理上解释其在烃源对比中的有效性。全面对比同类研究成果,探讨这一技术方法的适用性。最终达到深化油气成烃成藏无机地球化学前缘研究的目标,可望具有重要的基础理论与实践应用研究意义。
烃源对比是油气地质地球化学研究的基本内容,广泛用于查明油气成因,指导勘探部署,因而具有重要的基础科学与实践应用意义。但常见的有机地球化学方法在复杂烃源对比中出现变化趋势紊乱的难题。本项目考虑到油气成烃成藏处于有机-无机体系,从无机地球化学角度开展探索研究,以最近勘探取得重大突破的准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组中-低成熟油气系统为典型实例,同时结合四川盆地震旦系-下寒武统高成熟油气系统,以形成系列对比。.1、以过渡族金属元素为例查明了元素在烃类中的赋存形式与富集特征。烃类中元素赋存形式复杂,包括卟啉化合物、非卟啉有机形式、矿物颗粒等,其中V、Ni、Mo元素主要以卟啉化合物赋存,富集程度最高(原油ppm量级、沥青100 ppm量级),Zn元素可能以非卟啉有机形式赋存(原油0.5 ppm量级、沥青50 ppm量级),Zr、Hf和镧系元素赋存于矿物颗粒或以卟啉化合物赋存,富集程度低(原油ppt-ppb量级、沥青ppb-ppm量级)。.2、基于烃源岩热模拟分析并结合元素赋存形式查明了过渡族金属元素在成烃演化过程中的地球化学行为。不同元素经历差异的有机-无机相互作用过程,V、Ni、Mo元素由复杂相继承为卟啉相,Zn元素由复杂相或矿物相继承为有机相,镧系元素由复杂相继承为矿物相或卟啉相,Zr、Hf元素由矿物相继承为矿物相或卟啉相。.3、建立了烃源对比的元素地球化学指标,应用于典型实例取得良好效果。发现Zr、Hf和镧系元素适用于中-低成熟演化油气系统,V、Ni、Mo和镧系元素适用于高演化油气系统。准噶尔盆地芦草沟组页岩油系统自生自储,并具有微运移特征;四川盆地震旦系-下寒武统高成熟油气系统烃源来源复杂,以筇竹寺组为主,不同地区存在差异。.本项探索研究揭示了油气成烃演化中元素迁移与演化规律,提出镧系元素具有重要的烃源对比潜力,应用于复杂实例取得良好效果,可望对复杂烃源对比形成新的发展与补充。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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