基于异构共融的物联网抗干扰通信技术研究

With the rapid development of IoT, heterogeneous technologies such as LTE, WiFi, and Bluetooth are proposed to accommodate diverse settings and application requirements such as communication range, energy consumption and latency. The heterogeneous IoT devices compete to access the channel and destroy each other’s transmissions, causing severe performance degradation. To address the interference issue, researchers propose coexistence technologies to coordinate the usage of spectrum resources based on the channel status information through implicit channel scan, inference or prediction, which inevitably introduces errors and delays. This project aims to construct a harmonious environment for coexisted heterogeneous IoT devices. First, we propose a novel link model to capture the characteristic of IoT’s coexistence environment. Then, we break the communication barrier and establish direct communication between heterogeneous devices for channel information exchange. Finally, with the help of the new link model as well as the support of direct communication between heterogenous devices, we investigate the channel coordination mechanism to eliminate the heterogeneous interference. The proposed techniques provide a feasible solution to establish harmonious IoT coexistence environment and would benefit applications such as smart cities.

随着物联网的发展，研究者提出了包括LTE、WiFi、蓝牙在内的各式各样的通信技术以满足不同应用在通信范围、能耗、时延等方面的需求。采用不同技术的异构设备在共存环境下相互竞争频谱资源，造成严重的通信干扰。为了解决设备间的相互干扰问题，现有的抗干扰通信技术大多通过感知信道信息进而进行频谱资源调度，不可避免的引入感知误差与延时。本项目从共存环境建模，通信壁垒破除、干扰抵御协调三个层面对异构设备间的竞争干扰问题展开研究，旨在创建异构共融的物联网架构。首先研究异构物联网设备共存下的通信链路状态量化技术，刻画异构设备共存环境特征。其次研究异构设备间的直联通信技术，打破通信壁垒实现异构设备信息交互。最后研究频谱资源分配/调度技术，消除异构干扰实现设备和谐共存。本项目的成果将为实现异构物联网设备的互惠共融提供行之有效的解决方案，更可应用于智慧城市等物联网场景，具有较高的实用价值。

本项目实现了异构物联网设备间的可靠通信机制，解决设备间相互干扰的问题，为智能系统的互联与融合提供关键技术支撑。针对异构物联网协议分型多样、通信环境复杂多变的特点，从通信链路建模、信道信息交互和抗干扰协调三个方面出发，研究了基于异构共融的物联网抗干扰技术。为实现异构物联网设备的互惠互利、协作共赢，本项目研究了异构设备共存环境下的干扰特征，提出了基于空间相关性的通信链路模型，并设计了一套抗干扰黑名单机制，实现了多种通信协议传输能效的显著提高；其次，针对异构主流协议间的直联通信问题，设计了基于数据包-符号-信号的异构直联技术，实现符号解调成功率大于99%。最后，在异构设备共存场景下，通过引入跨技术通信技术构建了异构设备之间的显式交互机制，实现了抗干扰和信道协调并保持对商业设备的兼容。