Janus纳米粒子构建功能性自修复复合材料及其性能研究

In order to prolong the service life and reduce the risk, it is of great significance to study the preparation of self-healing materials. Nowadays, it is one of the focuses of scientific research to improve the mechanical strength of non-covalently self-healing materials with reversible and rapid repair ability at ambient temperature. Janus nanoparticles (Janus NPs) with the unique and dual structure or properties, have extensive applications in functional composite materials. This project focuses on the preparation of robust and functional Janus NPs with self-healing by noncovalent bond and reactive activity by double bond, respectively, which will be further applied to the preparation of polymer composites (membrane or hydrogel). The polymerization of Janus by double bonds was used to improve the mechanical properties and mechanical properties. On the other side, a large number of non-covalently self-healing groups could improve the self-healing ability of the materials. The effects of the composition and structure of the material on the self-healing and mechanical strength will be optimized. And the relationships of structure and properties will be investigated in detail. This project will systematically build up the powerful combination of Janus NPs and self-healing composites, which can enlarge the application scopes of Janus NPs and the preparation methods of self-healing composites. It is hoped that the intelligent materials with excellent self-healing, high mechanical strength and well combination ability can be prepared, which will provide scientific basis and theoretical support for the design of self-healing materials of Janus NPs.

为了延长材料的使用寿命，降低使用风险，研制自修复材料具有重要的科学意义。目前，提高室温下具有可逆、快速修复能力的非共价键型自修复材料的机械强度是科学研究的焦点之一。Janus纳米粒子因其具有双重形貌或性能，具有广泛应用前景。本项目拟合成兼具不同非共价键型自修复能力和双键反应性的Janus纳米粒子并将其应用于自修复复合材料（膜或水凝胶）的制备中来。利用Janus纳米粒子一侧双键跟单体进行聚合反应提高材料的复合性能和机械强度；另一侧大量的非共价键型自修复基团提高材料的自修复能力。优化材料的组成和结构对其自修复、机械强度等性能的影响，深入考察其构效关系。系统搭建Janus纳米粒子和自修复复合材料之间的强强联合，拓宽Janus纳米粒子的应用领域和自修复材料的制备途径。以期制备出自修复性能优异、机械强度高、复合性能好的智能材料，为Janus纳米粒子构建的自修复材料提供科学依据和理论支持。

为了延长材料的使用寿命，提高材料的利用效率，设计发展自修复纳米复合材料具有重要的科学意义。Janus纳米材料是一种具有不同化学和/或物理性质的各向异性材料，其独特的多功能性和设计性成为制备具有快速自愈合和优异机械强度的复合材料的良好选择，具有广泛的应用前景。本项目，以Pickering乳液为模板，深入研究了表面引发-原子转移自由基聚合、仿贻贝化学等Janus纳米材料表面改性方法，基于二氧化硅、氧化石墨烯、纤维素纳米晶等制备了一系列多功能Janus纳米复合材料，之后将其植入水凝胶基质中设计自修复纳米复合水凝胶材料，并搭建了具有较强应用能力和使用寿命的水凝胶柔性传感器。拓宽了Janus纳米材料的应用领域和自修复材料的制备途径。制备出了自修复性能优异、机械强度高、复合性能好的纳米复合材料，为Janus纳米材料构建的自修复材料提供科学依据、理论支持和应用前景。在本项目支持下，项目负责人以通讯作者或第一作者发表SCI收录学术论文20篇，授权中国发明专利4项，参加学术会议7次，培养毕业硕士毕业生2名，在读4名，圆满完成了计划书中的各项任务。