煤矿科学产能的形成机制研究

It is generally believed that coal mine is the responsibility subject of coal industry and the contribution unit of whole society coal production. The formation mechanism of scientific production capacity of coal mine determines level of the healthy development of the industry. Because of the resources constrains tighter, environmental pollution, ecosystem degradation and coal supply-demand imbalance, it discovered that the traditional way, which depends on coal mine length of service , is unreasonable to determine coal design production capacity. Now, it is very urgent to adopt methodology on combination of macroscopic and microscopic, region and coal mine to discovery new formation mechanism of scientific production capacity. According to the five major coal-producing areas throughout the country, synthetic judge model was established, which indexs include reserves/resource condition, sustainable development, ecological condition, transportation capacity and economic requirement to study the effects of scientific production capacity with features of coal-producing areas and reasonable length of service of different types of mine in every area. Meanwhile, the mathematical model was built to research the relation between scientized mining coefficient and coal mine design production capacity, by using of safety bearing capacity, ecosystem carrying capacity, enterprises investment capacity, economic and social benefit and complete cost as indexs, and extension theory and artificial neural network as methods. The aim of the study was to implement a reasonable computational method of coal mine design production capacity, which use coal resources/reserves as the mainly limit conditions, region features and scientized mining coefficient impact factors as the parameters. Consequently, the formation mechanism of scientific production capacity was improved.

长期以来，煤矿生产能力主要是以可采储量为基础、规定服务年限为约束条件而简单确定的，无法真正体现煤矿个体在煤炭行业规模与社会发展全局中应承担的责任；面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化、煤炭供求失衡的现实，急需采用宏观与微观、区域与矿井相结合的方法，探索适应科学发展要求的煤矿产能形成机制。针对涵盖全国的五大煤炭区，构建以区域资源/储量条件、可持续状况、生态条件、交通运输能力、经济发展需求等为主要指标的综合评判模型，研究区域特征对煤矿科学产能的影响及各区域不同类型矿井的合理服务年限；同时，以生态承载能力、安全保障能力、企业投资能力、经济与社会效益、完全成本等为指标，可拓理论与人工神经网络为手段，构建数学模型，研究科学采矿指数与煤矿设计产能之间的内在规律；实现以煤炭资源/储量为主要限制条件，区域特征、科学采矿指数影响因子为参量的煤矿设计产能计算方法，完善我国煤矿科学产能的形成机制。

长期以来，煤矿生产能力主要是以可采储量为基础、规定服务年限为约束条件而简单确定的，无法真正体现煤矿个体在煤炭行业规模与社会发展全局中应承担的责任；面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化、煤炭供求失衡的现实，急需采用宏观与微观、区域与矿井相结合的方法，探索适应科学发展要求的煤矿产能形成机制。设计阶段是科学确定煤矿生产能力的重要关口，从根本上影响或决定着矿井的生产规模、安全保障及对生态环境的影响程度。现行的煤矿设计生产能力计算时仅以储量备用系数进行调节，具有一定的随意性和盲目性。在科学采矿与科学产能研究成果的基础上，提出了煤矿设计科学产能指数的概念。针对涵盖全国的五大煤炭区，以煤炭资源勘探程度、资源禀赋条件、开采机械化水平、绿色开采措施、资源采出率等为基础，研究区域特征对煤矿科学产能的影响及各区域不同类型矿井的合理服务年限；构建了煤矿设计科学产能指数评价指标体系和计算模型，研究了煤矿设计科学产能的计算方法，开发了用于煤矿设计阶段的煤炭科学产能计算系统软件。