纳米线模板法制备高通量超薄荷电膜的研究

Ultrafiltration membranes have been widely used in wastewater treatment, food industry and life science, and have become more critical with increasing concerns and regulations in living environment. The major challenge lies in fabrication of ultrafiltration membranes with high permeation flux, uniform pore size distribution, high-efficiency in several nanometers. Here we will develop a versatile fabrication approach for negative charged sulfonated cardo polyetherketone (SPEK-C) ultrafiltration membranes, in which an ultrathin freestanding SPEK-C nanoporous film covered on a macroporous support. The mean pore size of ultrathin SPEK-C film is less than 5 nm. The as-prepared SPEK-C membranes show ultrahigh permeation flux, low filtration resistance, low fouling during ultrafiltration, and have a great potential for application in charged-based separation processes. We plan to study physical-chemical properties, morphology, micro-structure, separation performances of SPEK-C membranes in details, discuss relationships between membrane structure and separation performance, and investigate diffusion of charge solute molecules and solvent molecules through a SPEK-C membrane by a molecular dynamics simulation. A new model will be developed in this project to describe the diffusion and separation mechanism of charge solute molecules through the charge nanoporous membrane, which can be a guide in designing novel charged polymer ultrafiltration membranes. The approach new developed has a great potential for fabrication of high efficient charged polymer ultrafiltration membranes and nanoporous materials in various separation processes.

面向水处理、食品工业和生命科学等行业对高性能纳米尺度分离膜的重大需求，提出高通量超薄高分子复合膜的制备原理，以氢氧化铜纳米线为模板经静电自组装制备孔径小于5 nm的超薄磺化酚酞基聚芳醚酮（SPEK-C）荷电膜。研究纳米线模板法的成膜原理，及制膜过程中荷电高分子在模板表面的自组装规律。优化制膜条件，以SPEK-C荷电膜为基础摸索一套成本低、工艺简单、可操作性强、便于工程放大的高通量超薄荷电膜制备方法。制备的荷电膜具有通量高、污染低、膜阻力小等优点，在渗析、超滤等膜过程具有良好的应用前景。以实验和分子动力学模拟相结合的方式，深入研究荷电膜的结构和性能，探索膜结构与分离性能间的本质规律；研究膜纳米孔道内分子的微观动力学行为，建立超薄荷电膜的传质模型，为高性能荷电膜的研究提供理论依据，具有重要的科学意义。

面向水处理、食品工业和生命科学等行业对高性能纳米尺度分离膜的重大需求，提出高通量超薄高分子复合膜的制备原理，以氢氧化铜纳米线为模板经静电自组装过程制备超薄荷负电膜，并应用于生物大分子和纳米粒子的分级分离。研究纳米线模板法的成膜原理、荷电高分子在模板表面的自组装规律。优化制膜条件，以SPEK-C、PAA荷电膜为基础获得了一套工艺简单、容易实现、成本低、普适性好的高通量超薄荷电膜制备方法。所制的荷电膜孔径小于5 nm、通量高、污染低、阻力小，在荷电溶质分离领域具有良好的应用前景。研究了荷电膜的结构和性能，揭示了膜结构与分离性能间的影响规律；为高性能超薄荷电膜的研究提供理论依据，具有重要的科学意义。研究成果获中国授权发明专利1项，在Advanced Functional Materials、AIChE Journal、Journal of Materials Chemistry A、 Journal of Membrane Science、Nanoscale的国际期刊上发表SCI收录论文17篇，其中JCR 1区论文8篇、2区论文6篇。