负泊松比恒阻锚索吸能力学特性及主动双控防冲减灾控制对策研究

The power source of the stress field in the mining stress field is a nonlinear dynamic process caused by the compression of the surrounding rock of the coal pillar and the stress superposition, by changing the coal pillar support control related accidents of traditional mining system of non coal pillar support mining system of technological change. Special mechanical properties of the negative Poisson's ratio of the absorption energy of the constant drag cable(When the material is pulled open, the lateral expansion, and the characteristics of the anti break when the energy is suddenly released).It is proposed that the non pillar mining method of the "broken roof leaving lane", which can be made to block the goaf of the flexible wall, is the key way to realize the active disaster prevention and reduction. Therefore, this paper will use numerical calculation and field samples three axle loading and unloading mechanics model experiment system, analysis of the mechanism of rock burst occurrence of roadway supporting coal pillar, the establishment of the structural mechanics of energy conversion and stress control as the core of the model, the energy equation derived negative Poisson's ratio constant resistance of anchorage system and rock burst are the role of the coal pillar support with constant resistance supporting anchorage system scientific and quantitative method of calculating stress of surrounding rock, formed by the constant resistance cable energy absorbing energy dissipation yielding supporting technology, taking off the top left lane retractable flexible wall isolation of goaf control rock burst exploitation system, implementation and release the energy transformation, and ultimately achieve the active dual control theory of technological change and anti scour.

采动应力场冲击地压灾害发生的动力源主要是煤柱护巷围岩压缩弹性能应力叠加作用诱发产生的非线性动力学过程，改变由煤柱护巷控制相关事故的传统开采系统向无煤柱护巷开采体系变革是解决冲击灾害的最佳途径。采用负泊松比恒阻锚索吸能的力学特性(材料拉张时横向膨胀，纵向拉伸防断恒阻,能很好适应动态冲击)，提出“断顶留巷”可缩柔性墙体封堵采空区的无煤柱开采方法，是实现冲击地压主动超前防灾减灾的关键手段。因此，本课题将利用数值计算和现场岩样真三轴加卸载力学模型实验系统，分析煤柱护巷冲击地压发生的机理，建立“以能量转化和应力控制”为核心的结构力学模型，推导负泊松比恒阻锚固系统与冲击地压相互作用的能量方程，提出无煤柱护巷围岩应力与恒阻支护锚固系统的科学定量计算方法，形成以恒阻锚索吸能消能让压支护技术，以断顶留巷可缩柔性墙体隔离采空区控制冲击地压的开采体系，实现能量释放和转化，最终达到主动双控防冲减灾的理论技术变革。

采动应力场冲击地压灾害发生的动力源主要是煤柱护巷围岩压缩弹性能应力叠加作用诱发产生的非线性动力学过程，改变由煤柱护巷控制相关事故的传统开采系统向无（小）煤柱护巷开采体系变革是解决冲击灾害的最佳途径。通过现场应用研究得出，负泊松比恒阻大变形锚索材料自身具有横向变形的独特功能，并在构件中植入恒阻器可以通过锚固件与孔壁的滑动来吸收和耗散能量，从而有效释放巷道顶板压缩弹性能，起到“突变”向“缓变”的作用。通过金鸡滩矿108大采高综采回撤通道支护设计应用，局部恒阻大变形锚索下沉最大值160mm仍然保持恒定阻力，现场应用效果良好，充分发挥了负泊松比恒阻锚索吸能让压高恒阻的特性。通过国能宁煤集团羊场湾煤矿和枣泉煤矿小煤柱沿空巷道控制研究，恒阻锚索在工作面异常区域和地质构造区域起到了决定性作用，增强了顶板支护强度和小煤柱整体稳定性，有效控制巷道因大变形失效的性能，保证了小煤柱巷道安全回采，能很好适应动态冲击，起到了主动超前防灾减灾的关键作用。通过以上实验研究和现场应用，建立了“以能量转化和应力控制”为核心的结构力学模型，推导研究了负泊松比恒阻锚固系统与冲击地压相互作用的能量方程，提出了无煤柱护巷围岩应力与恒阻支护锚固系统的科学定量计算方法，形成以恒阻锚索吸能消能让压支护体系，实现能量释放和转化，最终达到主动双控防冲减灾的理论技术变革。