基于zein自组装的纳米粒子控释抗菌膜材料构建及构效关系研究

Fabrication of novel antimicrobial films using food proteins is a promising means to solve food-borne disease outbreaks due to the intake foods contaminated by pathogenic bacteria. However, the protein-based films have their own disadvantages. The objective of this research was to fabricate novel antimicrobial films with hierarchical release kinetics based on zein colloidal nanoparticles, to break the limitation of protein-based films on the controlled release for antimicrobials. The research was performed to explore the effective formation pathway for hierarchical release kinetics using zein self-assembly, and to elucidate the related structure-function relationship of the films.i) Fabrication of zein nanoparticles-based films. The formation pathway of the films based on zein self-assembly will be investigated to explore the key approach for the formation of these films. The relationship between particle size distribution of zein nanoparticles and the properties of the films will be discussed. ii) Fabrication of the films with hierarchical release kinetics of antimicrobials. The rapid crosslinking with genipin and protein-polysaccharide interaction will be used to control the aggregation or agglomerate behavior of zein nanoparticles to control the microstructure of the films, the relationship between the microstructure of the films and the release kinetics of antimicrobials will be discussed to elucidate the related mechanism for the film formation. iii) The possible relationship between antimicrobial properties and the release kinetics of the films in the model food system will be investigated to elucidate the mechanism for the strengthened antimicrobial capacity for hierarchical release films. Theoretically, this kind research can demonstrate the possible formation pathway for hierarchical release films based on zein self-assembly. Furthermore, it can provide a new technique approach for designing novel acitive packaging materials for food industry.

以蛋白膜构建抗菌食品包装材料是解决致病菌引起的食源性疾病的有效途径，但现有蛋白膜材料具有局限性。本项目突破现有蛋白膜材料在抗菌剂控释方面的局限性，围绕zein自组装反应展开,探索并构建一类具有渐次释放功能的纳米粒子抗菌膜材料,揭示此类膜材料的有效构建途径及相关构效机理。研究内容：①探索zein纳米粒子膜材料的形成途径，建立zein纳米粒子的粒度分布与膜材料性能之间的关系，探明纳米粒子膜材料的微结构调控的关键点；②探索通过genipin快速交联和蛋白/多糖作用操控膜材料的微结构构建具有渐次释放功能的膜材料，通过探讨膜材料微结构与抗菌剂释放动力学之间的关系阐明渐次释放膜材料的形成机理；③研究并揭示模型食品体系中此类膜材料的抗菌性和释放动力学之间的关联性，阐明渐次释放膜材料的增效机理。通过本项目研究，可望在理论上阐明纳米粒子渐次释放抗菌膜材料的形成机制，在应用上为食品包装材料提供全新的解决手段。

食品安全问题是公众关注的一个焦点问题。食品加工、运输和储藏环节中致病菌污染是造成食源性疾病的主要因素，已成为我国主要的公共卫生问题。构建合适的抗菌剂缓释输送载体（食品包装材料）是避免食品货架期内有害微生物污染的一个主要途径。本项目利用zein（及gliadin)和姜黄色素、槲皮素等的共组装，制造功能性蛋白纳米颗粒、Pickering乳液及Pickering高内相乳液胶，以蛋白胶体颗粒和Pickering乳液为构筑单元构建抗菌/抗氧化膜材料，搭建PLA/Pickering乳液双（多）层膜材料，原位负载纳米银制造出新型有机/无机协同抗菌膜材料，在食品和生物医药领域具有很好的应用前景。代表性学术成果：①完成了可连续化的对撞式CIJ装置的设计与制造，突破了高浓度zein自组装制备纳米颗粒关键技术，获得高细胞吸收、细胞抗氧化和生物利用度的蛋白胶体颗粒；②制造出新型可食纳米粒子膜材料，膜材料在温水中速溶；③利用genipin交联及寡聚原花青素与明胶的脯氨酸富集区域特异相互作用设计膜材料的微观结构构建控缓释的抗菌膜材料；④构建了zein 胶体颗粒稳定的Pickeirng 乳液构建，率先提出利用醇溶蛋白与小分子共组装设计抗氧化界面，构建食品级抗氧化Pickering乳液；⑤以Pickering乳滴为构筑单位操控膜材料微观结构构建阻氧功能性膜材料；⑥ 以Pickering乳滴为构筑单位操控膜材料微观结构构建抗菌与抗氧化的PLA/Pickering乳液单层、双层及多层膜材料，并原位负载纳米银制造出新型有机/无机协同抗菌膜材料。发表14篇标注SCI论文，其中6篇 I区论文，6篇II区论文。以通讯作者身份发表13篇SCI论文，3篇入选ESI高被引论文，其中1篇热点论文。入选首届广东特支计划百千万工程青年拔尖人才计划、广州市“珠江科技新星”（2015年）。获得1项国家科技进步二等奖（第10）, 1项教育部高校科学研究优秀成果奖（自然科学二等奖，第2），1项广东省科学技术奖励三等（第2，2017年）；获得7项授权专利。超额完全研究目标。