基于相变潜热强化的生物质闪速热解机理研究

Biomass flash pyrolysis process to make oil is one of the most promising biomass conversion technologies.The rapid enhanced heat transfer between biomass particles and high temperature medium is the key factor for biomass conversion efficiency. Strong endothermic pyrolysis process will lead to rapid cooling of thermal medium, which seriously decrease the efficiency of oil making.The project proposes new ideas based on the latent heat that can strengthen flash pyrolysis of biomass, using high-temperature molten salt ball as the heat transfer medium. The molten salt ball will mix and flow parallel with biomass particles. The phase change thermal energy of molten salt in high temperature molten salt ball provides large heat capacity, and the thermal storage ball provides large heat exchange surface and high heat transfer efficiency. This can enhance the heat transfer between biomass particles and high temperature molten salt ball within constant temperature, thus achieving a constant temperature flash pyrolysis of biomass. Through the study of high-temperature molten salt composition and thermal properties control, energy storage ball scale, the flow and mix between the storage ball and biomass particles, the flash pyrolysis characteristics of biomass, new method of making oil and basic theory for flash pyrolysis of biomass based on phase change latent heat are formed. The theoretical and engineering foundation for efficient biomass liquefaction oil making technology development and industrialization are established.

生物质快速热解制油是最有应用前景的生物质能转化技术之一，生物质颗粒与高温热介质间的快速热传递是影响生物质转化效率的关键，而强吸热的热解过程易导致高温热介质迅速降温，严重制约了生物质热解制油的效率。本项目提出基于相变潜热强化的生物质闪速热解新构想，采用高温熔盐蓄热球为传热介质，与生物质颗粒并行流动与混合，高温熔盐蓄热球中高温熔盐的液固相变提供了恒温下的大热容，蓄热球提供了大换热面及高传热速率，从而实现生物质颗粒与高温熔盐蓄热球介质间恒定温度下的传热强化，进而实现生物质恒温闪速热解。通过高温熔盐组成及热物性调控、蓄热球尺度、蓄热球颗粒与生物质颗粒间的流动与混合及生物质闪速热解特性的研究，形成基于相变潜热强化的生物质闪速热解制油新方法及基础理论，为生物质高效液化制油技术发展及产业化奠定理论及工程基础。

生物质快速热解制油是最有应用前景的生物质能转化技术之一。本项目基于相变潜热强化的生物质闪速热解，采用高温熔盐蓄热球为传热介质，与生物质颗粒并行流动与混合，高温熔盐蓄热球中高温熔盐的液固相变提供了恒温下的大热容，蓄热球提供了大换热面及高传热速率，实现生物质颗粒与高温熔盐蓄热球介质间恒定温度下的传热强化，进而实现生物质恒温闪速热解。为生物质高效液化制油技术发展及产业化奠定理论及工程基础。