非均匀温度场太阳能采暖建筑热环境调节机理及优化设计

The passive solar energy utilization techniques are the effective approaches in reducing heating energy consumptions in north rural buildings, however passive collection of heat is relatively limited, and solar radiation has the characteristics of intermittent and imbalance.It has not been systemically reported in literature on improving indoor thermal comfort quality using passive techniques of energy distribution to solve the unbalance between the heating energy supply and demand. This project will employ the research methods including field research, measurement, theoretical analysis, numerical modeling and experimental testing to study the indoor energy distribution and thermal environment regulating in solar energy heating in rural buildings. The project is also to investigate the separate thermal zone design method related to the thermal comfort quality and individual room functions; to analyze the effect of the physical parameters, structures and combined factors of building envelope in the separate thermal zone design model on the thermal fluctuations. The project will establish the relationship between the indoor temperature in different rooms and the thermal properties in building structures considering the effect of interior and exterior thermal fluctuations. This project is very significant in understanding the indoor energy usage in separate thermal zones with the passive solar energy utilization for indoor heating. The outcome of the project will provide a new approach and theory for solving the winter indoor thermal comfort problems related to the passive solar energy utilization in north countryside buildings.

被动式太阳能采暖技术对我国北方乡村建筑解决冬季采暖起到重要作用，但建筑的集热量相对有限，并且太阳辐射热作用具有时间不连续性和方向不均衡性的特点，如何利用被动式技术优化室内热能分配改善热环境质量，解决采暖热能供给与需求失配的矛盾，尚未见系统研究报道。本项目采用调研、测试、理论分析、数值模拟和实验研究相结合的方法，对乡村太阳能采暖建筑进行室内热能分配与热环境调节耦合研究，探索热环境质量与房间功能相匹配的室内热环境分区设计方法，解析室内分区控温模式下围护结构系统的物理参数、构造方式以及组合参数等对热环境波动状态的影响规律，以及内外双波动热扰作用下建筑构造系统热工参数与不同房间室内热环境参数的本构关系。本项目对阐明被动式太阳能采暖建筑的室内分区热利用机理具有重要意义，为乡村建筑利用被动式太阳能采暖解决冬季室内热舒适问题提供新的思路和理论依据。

利用太阳能资源优势，通过被动式太阳能热利用缓解我国北方乡村民居冬季采暖的能源需求问题，对采暖能源节省及自然环境保护具有重要意义，有助于促进乡村采暖建筑的可持续发展。本研究通过调研、测试、理论分析、数值模拟和实验研究相结合的方法，对乡村太阳能采暖建筑室内热能分配与热环境调节进行了系统的研究，并取得了以下研究成果：（1）完成了不同太阳能辐射强度地区（西藏、宁夏、甘肃）的乡村建筑室内外热环境测试，明确了各地区乡村建筑的构造特征与室内空间布局特点；（2）揭示了乡村建筑的节能构造系统与空间划分方式对室内热环境的影响规律；（3）得出了与房间功能相匹配的室内热环境差异化设计与调控方法；（4）解析了周期性波动热扰下的外围护结构对室内热环境影响规律，以及蓄热系统对室内热环境调节机理；（5）通过实验研究，制备了热物理性能优良的新型材料，为节能构造的性能提升提供了材料基础。本研究将为被动式太阳能采暖建筑的室内热环境提升及优化设计研究奠定基础。