Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA), a common food allergy, seriously affects the growth and development of infants and young children. It has been recently reported that intestinal flora disorder is closely related to food allergy, but the mechanism remains unclear. The intestinal mucosa is enriched with innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) which play a vital role in the development and function of intestinal immune system. Our previous research showed that microbes colonized in the mucus layer of CMPA with the increased type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and proliferation-related proteins. Thus, the hypothesis we raised is that the adverse effect of intestinal flora disorder in CMPA-associated enteritis is via the function of ILC2s, which may be resulted from the changes of short chain fat acids (SCFAs) produced by gut microbiota. This research, involving infants with CMPA, conventional mice and germ free mice, is programmed to assess the relation between changes of gut microbiota or metabolite (especially SCFAs) and ILC2s by establishing mice model of CMPA and fecal microbiota transplantation. CMPA mice administrated exogenous SCFAs are used to study the effects of SCFAs on the ILC2s and inflammatory response. This research is significant for revealing the mechanism of gut microbiota in CMPA and the intervention therapy of intestinal microecology.
牛奶蛋白过敏是婴幼儿最常见的食物过敏,严重威胁其生长发育和健康。近来研究发现,肠道菌群失调与食物过敏发生密切相关,其作用机制尚不完全清楚。肠道黏膜层富集的固有淋巴细胞(ILCs)在肠道免疫系统发育和功能发挥中起重要作用;我们前期发现牛奶蛋白过敏性肠炎患儿肠道黏膜层有大量微生物定植、2型ILCs(ILC2s)及细胞增殖相关蛋白阳性表达增加。因此我们提出假设:肠道菌群失调在牛奶蛋白过敏性肠炎中的不良作用可能是通过影响ILC2s功能而实现的,其机制可能与菌群紊乱引起的短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)变化有关。项目拟以牛奶蛋白过敏患儿及普通和无菌小鼠为研究对象,建立小鼠牛奶蛋白过敏及粪菌移植模型,观察肠道菌群及SCFAs等代谢产物的变化与ILC2s之间的关系;外源SCFAs干预观察其对ILC2s等免疫细胞及炎症反应的影响。项目对于揭示肠道菌群参与牛奶蛋白过敏的机制以及其肠道微生态干预治疗,将具有重要意义。
牛奶蛋白过敏(CMPA)是牛奶蛋白引起的异常免疫反应,在婴幼儿中最为常见,主要表现为粘液便、腹泻及便血的肠道炎症反应。肠道菌群及其代谢产物与过敏密切相关,参与机体免疫应答。但有关肠道菌群在CMPA过敏性肠炎的确切机制尚不完全清楚。本研究以牛奶蛋白过敏肠炎患儿为研究对象,并建立牛奶蛋白过敏小鼠模型,以明确CMPA患儿肠道菌群及其代谢产物的变化,揭示其在肠道炎症反应过程中的作用与机制。实验结果表明,与健康对照组相比,牛奶蛋白过敏引起的肠炎患儿肠道内菌群结构发生变化,多样性增加,肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)、拟杆菌科(Bacteroidaceae)和毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)丰度显著降低。肠道菌群结构变化引起代谢产物水平变化包括下调的765种,上调的480种,其中脂肪酸、胆汁酸及其衍生物在CMPA患儿肠道内均显著下降,尤其是短链脂肪酸和去氧胆酸、熊去氧胆酸等次级胆汁酸。组织病理学结果显示CMPA患儿肠道完整性遭到破坏,肠道微生物发生移位,且ILC2s水平增加。动物实验表明,过敏引起小鼠肠道内ILC2s水平增加,SCFAs可抑制过敏引起的肠道屏障损伤,通过MAPK途径抑制过敏引起的炎症反应。牛奶蛋白可引起肠道内菌群结构发生变化,进而导致肠道内次级胆汁酸水平、短链脂肪酸等代谢产物水平降低,从而调控肠道内ILC2s功能,破坏肠道屏障完整性,诱发炎症组织内发生微生物的移位,参与过敏免疫应答。本研究明确了CMPA患儿肠道菌群及其代谢产物特征,初步阐明了其作用机制,为以靶向肠道菌群或其代谢产物治疗CMPA提供了科学依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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